Research Article
Low-Carbon Watershed Management: Potential of Greenhouse Gas Reductions from Wastewater Treatment in Rural Vietnam
Table 6
Investment (capital expenditure, CAPEX, and O&M, OPEX) for the various wastewater treatment system.
| | Type | CAPEX | OPEX | Note | | USD/person/year |
| | Latrines | 3 | 0 | Common pour-flush latrine type | | Sewer | 22 | 5 | Source: Hydroconseil, 2013 [25]
Estimated sewer CAPEX equals 1.6 times wastewater treatment plant CAPEX | | Conventional activated sludge (CAS) | 14 | 12 | Source: [3]
1 USD = 22,500 VND (2015)
Wastewater discharge 150 litres/capita/d
Value for small scale wastewater treatment plant with CAS (A2O)
Capacity < 10,000 m3/d | | Johkasou | 17 | 6 | Source: [26].
Domestic Johkasou system for 5 persons |
|
|
