Evaluation of the Antibacterial and Antifungal Properties of Phragmanthera capitata (Sprengel) Balle (Loranthaceae), a Mistletoe Growing on Rubber Tree, Using the Dilution Techniques

Table 1

Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) of the different solvent extracts of P. capitata on selected gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria using the agar and resazurin broth dilution assays.

	Agar dilution (16–20 hrs)					Resazurin broth microdilution
	Act	Met	Eth	Aqu	Cip	Act	Met	Eth	Aqu	Cip
	mg/mL				µg/mL	mg/mL				µg/mL
Enterococcus faecalis (+ve)	2.5	2.5	5	>5	≤2	2.5	2.5	5	>10	0.25
Staphylococcus aureus (+ve)	5	5	5	>5	≤2	5	5	5	>10	0.0625
Bacillus subtilis (+ve)	5	5	5	>5	≤2	2.5	2.5	2.5	>10	0.0625
Bacillus cereus (+ve)	2.5	2.5	2.5	>5	≤2	2.5	2.5	5	>10	0.125
Streptococcus pyogenes (+ve)	5	5	5	>5	≤2	5	5	5	>10	0.0625
Vibrio cholera (−ve)	2.5	2.5	2.5	5	≤2	2.5	2.5	5	>10	0.0625
Klebsiella pneumonia (−ve)	2.5	5	5	>5	≤2	2.5	2.5	2.5	>10	0.25
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (−ve)	2.5	2.5	2.5	>5	≤2	2.5	2.5	2.5	>10	0.25
Salmonella typhi (−ve)	2.5	5	1.25	5	≤2	5	5	5	>10	0.0625
Escherichia coli (−ve)	2.5	2.5	1.25	5	≤2	2.5	1.25	2.5	>10	0.0625

Annotations: Act (acetone extract), Met (methanol extract), Eth (ethanol extract), Aqu (aqueous extract), Cip (ciprofloxacin), “>” (value greater than the highest concentration tested), and “≤” (value lesser than or equal to the lowest concentration tested).