The Scientific World Journal / 2019 / Article / Tab 3 / Research Article
Upper Airway Changes following Functional Treatment with the Headgear Herbst or Headgear Twin Block Appliance Assessed on Lateral Cephalograms and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Table 3 Changes in the upper airway (from latera cephalometry and MRI) and PSQ score following functional appliance treatment.
Pre-treatment Post-treatment Δ Δ HG-Herbst vs. HG-TB 95% CI n HG-Herbst HG-TB HG-Herbst HG-TB HG-Herbst HG-TB Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Lateral cephalometry PM-UPW (mm) 21 24 3.3 22.8 3.7 0.449 25.0 2.5 23.0 4.0 0.171 1.1 1.7 0.068 0.2 2.1 0.796 0.9 -0.9 to 2.6 0.308 U-MPW (mm) 21 8.5 2.2 8.9 2.9 0.702 10.4 2.6 9.6 3.6 0.564 1.9 1.8 0.005 0.7 2.1 0.334 1.2 -0.5 to 3.0 0.161 PASmin (mm) 21 9.2 3.7 8.0 3.9 0.498 10.2 4.4 8.4 4.0 0.349 1.0 3.5 0.369 0.4 3.2 0.718 0.6 -2.4 to 3.7 0.679 V-LPW (mm) 21 16.3 2.8 14.7 2.5 0.168 17.5 2.9 14.2 1.7 0.005 1.2 1.8 0.055 -0.4 2.3 0.571 1.6 -0.3 to 3.5 0.093 PM-U (mm) 21 32.3 1.8 29.8 2.5 0.015 31.9 2.7 30.4 2.4 0.221 -0.5 2.7 0.570 0.6 2.6 0.477 -1.1 -3.5 to 1.3 0.360 SPT (mm) 21 7.2 1.0 6.9 1.2 0.541 7.5 1.5 7.7 1.5 0.810 0.3 1.1 0.389 0.8 0.8 0.017 -0.5 -1.4 to 0.4 0.298 NL/PM-U (°) 21 134.3 7.9 133.6 6.6 0.825 130.8 8.3 128.7 5.6 0.492 -3.5 3.3 0.006 -5.0 4.5 0.007 1.5 -2.1 to 5.1 0.404 SNA (°) 21 82.2 3.7 82.7 3.6 0.735 82.2 3.7 82.9 3.6 0.673 0.0 2.7 0.957 0.2 1.6 0.731 -0.2 -2.2 to 1.9 0.893 SNB (°) 21 76.2 2.7 77.6 3.5 0.321 78.5 2.4 80.2 3.5 0.214 2.3 1.5 <0.001 2.6 0.9 <0.001 -0.3 -1.4 to 0.9 0.630 ANB (°) 21 6 1.7 5.1 1.3 0.225 3.7 1.5 2.7 1.5 0.156 -2.3 1.6 0.001 -2.4 1.7 0.002 0.1 -1.4 to 1.7 0.848 TAFH (mm) 21 111.7 4.5 107.8 6.2 0.112 115.2 3.9 113.5 6.3 0.439 3.5 2.7 0.002 5.6 2.4 <0.001 -2.2 -4.5 to 0.2 0.071 LAFH (mm) 21 60.6 2.9 57.8 4.2 0.091 63.8 3.1 62.6 4.0 0.464 3.2 1.5 <0.001 4.8 1.5 <0.001 -1.6 -2.9 to -0.2 0.024 TPFH (mm) 21 75.6 7.1 73.7 8.9 0.585 79.1 7.4 78.5 9.2 0.872 3.4 1.4 <0.001 4.8 1.9 <0.001 -1.4 -2.9 to 0.1 0.075 MP/SN (°) 21 34.2 6.7 32.2 5.5 0.465 33.7 8.2 32.0 5.8 0.581 -0.5 2.1 0.443 -0.2 1.5 0.720 -0.3 -1.9 to 1.3 0.690 MRI NA width (mm) 23 24.6 4.3 23.8 3.9 0.413 26.0 3.8 24.3 4.1 0.260 1.4 4.9 0.477 0.5 2.3 0.328 0.9 -2.4 to 4.2 0.695 NA depth (mm) 23 12.7 4.0 12 3.5 0.740 14.2 4.1 12.9 3.2 0.449 1.4 2.8 0.182 0.9 1.6 0.182 0.6 -1.4 to 2.6 0.740 NA area (mm2 ) 23 251.7 115.7 225.9 66.4 0.976 289.9 111.3 246.2 76.0 0.347 38.3 84.1 0.213 20.3 43.5 0.158 18 -39.3 to 75.3 0.786 RP width (mm) 23 17.4 4.4 17.2 3.2 0.695 17.7 5.0 18.6 4.1 0.786 0.2 4.4 0.646 1.4 2.7 0.209 -1.2 -4.3 to 2.0 0.651 RP depth (mm) 23 7.7 2.8 7.2 2.1 0.608 8.0 2.6 8.0 2.3 0.928 0.3 1.4 0.534 0.9 1.8 0.071 -0.5 -2.0 to 0.9 0.413 RP area (mm2 ) 23 101.7 58.4 92.7 31.7 0.833 116.2 71.5 114.1 48.7 0.740 14.5 29.1 0.248 21.4 37.5 0.117 -6.9 -36.2 to 22.4 0.695 RG width (mm) 23 13.2 8.9 15.8 6.7 0.260 14.2 9.2 17.3 7.1 0.288 1.0 2.6 0.182 1.5 2.9 0.117 -0.5 -2.9 to 1.9 0.695 RG depth (mm) 23 12.3 3.6 12 3.6 0.608 12.1 3.5 11.8 3.7 0.413 -0.2 3.0 0.594 -0.1 1.8 0.906 -0.1 -2.2 to 2.0 0.608 RG area (mm2 ) 23 146.3 68.4 165.7 52.4 0.288 161.6 92.5 181.2 67.2 0.347 15.3 39.8 0.328 15.5 40.1 0.272 -0.1 -34.8 to 34.6 1.000 HP width (mm) 23 26.1 3.6 28.3 2.9 0.169 26.1 3.0 28.3 4.2 0.134 0.0 2.7 0.929 0.1 2.7 0.875 -0.1 -2.4 to 2.2 1.000 HP depth (mm) 23 12.6 3.8 12.2 2.9 0.880 12.6 4.0 12.3 2.3 0.786 0.0 2.1 0.594 0.1 1.5 0.929 -0.1 -1.7 to 1.5 0.651 HP area (mm2 ) 23 272.6 87.0 256.4 65.3 0.786 275.7 97.6 260.0 77.4 0.833 3.1 48.7 0.722 3.6 55.0 0.937 -0.5 -45.7 to 44.8 0.880 PSQ Proportion 25 0.23 0.13 0.24 0.15 0.840 0.18 0.15 0.19 0.17 0.859 -0.05 0.09 0.078 -0.05 0.09 0.104 0.00 -1.4 to 1.8 1.00
= p < 0.05;
= p < 0.01;
= p < 0.001.
