Malaria Prevention Measures among Pregnant Women: A Population-Based Survey in Nnewi, Nigeria

Table 1

Association between characteristics and malaria prevention measures.

Variable	Slept in the net last night
Gravidity
All except PG^#	OR 2.1 (95% CI 1.4–3.2), , ES = 0.40, RR = 1.6 (95% CI 1.2–2.0)	X^2 = 12.5,
SG and PG^#	OR 2.3 (95% CI 1.4–3.8), , ES = 0.45, RR = 1.6 (95% CI 1.2–2.2)
MG and PG^#	OR 1.8 (95% CI 1.1–3.1), , ES = 0.32, RR = 1.5 (95% CI 1.1–2.0)
Education
All other except Ix^#	OR 7.1 (95% CI 2.5–19.3), , ES = 1.08, RR = 4.3 (1.7–11.0)	X^2 = 44.8,
Px and Ix^#	OR 5.0 (95% CI 1.6–15.3), , ES = 0.88, RR = 3.5 (95% CI 1.3–9.5)
Sx and Ix^#	OR 4.1 (95% CI 1.4–11.6), , ES = 0.77, RR = 3.1 (95% CI 1.9–8.1)
Ux and Ix^#	OR 13.5 (95% CI 4.7–38.2), ES = 1.43, , RR = 5.9 (95% CI 2.3–15.1)
Others
Economic status	NS	X^2 = 0.7,
Knowledge of using LLIN	NS	X^2 = 3.4,
Variable	Adequate uptake of SP dosage
Gravidity
All except PG^#	NS	X^2 = 16.7,
SG and PG^#	NS
MG and PG^#	OR 2.0 (95% CI 1.2–3.3), , ES = 0.38, RR = 1.6 (95% CI 1.1–2.2)
Good knowledge of using SP
Good and poor^#	OR 2.4 (95% CI 1.5–3.9), , RR = 1.9 (95%CI 1.3–2.7), ES = 0.48	X^2 = 13.3,
Usual ANC scenario
Usual (four visits) and not^#	OR 4.0 (95% CI 2.3–6.8), , RR = 2.8 (95% CI 1.8–4.5), ES = 0.76	X^2 = 119.0,
Best ANC visit scenario
Best (≥9 ANCs) and not^#	OR 10.5 (95% CI 3.6–29.9), , RR = 7.2 (2.7–19.5), ES = 1.3	X^2 = 23.9,
Others
Education	NS	X^2 = 0.4,
Social status	NS	X^2 = 3.8,

Ix: illiterates; Px: those with primary education; PG: primigravida; MG: multigravida, NS: not significant; OR: odds ratio; SG: secundigravida; Sx: those with secondary education; X²: chi-square; LLIN: long-lasting insecticide-treated net; IPTp.