Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation Efficacy in the Vapor Lock Removal: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Detailed description of samples and instruments used and vapor lock formation using different irrigation techniques in each one of the three studies selected for the present systematic review.

Publication Author, Date.	sample	Final Shaping instruments	Passive Ultrasonic irrigation	Positive Pressure Irrigation	Continuous Ultrasonic Irrigation/ Sonic Activation
Castelo-Baz P et al, 2012	60 extracted teeth. closed system; (20 sample for Passive ultrasonic irrigation; 20 sample for Positive Pressure Irrigation, 20 for Continuous Ultrasonic Irrigation)	Protaper universal f3; (Maillefer ) of up to 30 size 0.09 taper in tips	6 Presence vapor lock	20 presence vapor lock	Continuous ultrasonic irrigation; 4 presence vapor lock
Castelo-Baz P et al, 2016	60 extracted teeth closed system; (20 sample for Passive ultrasonic irrigation; 20 sample for Positive Pressure Irrigation, 20 for Continuous Ultrasonic Irrigation)	GTX (Maillefer) 20. 04, 20. 06, 30. 06	12 Presence vapor lock	20 presence vapor lock	Continuous ultrasonic irrigation; 2 presence vapor lock
Sáinz-Pardo M et al, 2014	60 extracted teeth; (30 closed system; 30 Open system); 20 sample for Passive ultrasonic irrigation; 20 sample for Positive Pressure Irrigation, 20 Sonic Activation)	Profile rotary files (Maillefer) of up to 30 size 0.06 taper	Open system: o presence vapor lock; Closed system: 3 Presence vapor lock	closed system: 7 presence vapor lock; open system: 0 presence vapor lock	Sonic activation; Closed system: 6 presence vapor lock; Open system: 0 presence of vapor lock