Research Article
Phytochemical Study of Eight Medicinal Plants of the Lamiaceae Family Traditionally Used as Tea in the Sharri Mountains Region of the Balkans
Table 1
Phytochemical analysis of essential oils obtained from the extracts of plants used as teas, belonging to the Lamiaceae family.
| Compound name and class | Kovats index | Ocimum basilicum | Mentha longifolia | Teucrium chamaedrys | Sideritis scardica | Thymus serpyllum | Rosmarinus officinalis | Melissa officinalis | Origanum vulgare |
| α-Pinene | 939 | 0.25 | 0.46 | 1.34 | 1.33 | — | 10.83 | — | 0.49 | Camphene | 954 | — | — | — | — | — | 3.28 | — | — | Sabinene | 975 | — | 0.36 | — | — | — | — | — | 11.16 | 1-Octen-3-ol | 979 | — | — | 2.92 | — | — | — | — | — | β-Pinene | 979 | 0.16 | 0.64 | — | 2.35 | — | 0.57 | — | — | Myrcene | 990 | 0.39 | 0.44 | — | — | 0.51 | 2.54 | — | 0.33 | o-Cymene | 1026 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.61 | 1.02 | Limonene | 1029 | — | 0.62 | 0.70 | 0.65 | 3.10 | — | 2.61 | — | p-Cymene | 1031 | — | — | — | — | — | 2.58 | — | — | 1.8-cineole | 1031 | 3.89 | 3.69 | — | — | — | 19.32 | — | 1.44 | Z-β-Ocimene | 1037 | — | 0.17 | — | — | 1.25 | — | — | 2.18 | E-β-Ocimene | 1050 | 0.13 | 0.10 | — | — | 2.20 | — | — | 2.72 | γ-Terpinene | 1059 | 0.23 | — | — | — | — | 0.52 | — | 3.23 | Linalool | 1096 | 4.77 | — | 0.34 | — | 16.90 | 1.96 | — | — | α-Terpinene | 1017 | — | — | — | — | 7.11 | — | — | — | Camphor | 1146 | — | 1.37 | — | — | — | 13.71 | — | — | Menthone | 1152 | — | 73.77 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Borneol | 1169 | 0.20 | — | — | — | — | 4.41 | — | 0.49 | Terpinen-4-ol | 1177 | — | — | — | — | — | 1.02 | — | 1.45 | Isomenthol | 1182 | — | 3.30 | — | — | — | - | — | — | α-Terpineol | 1188 | — | 0.54 | 0.15 | — | — | 2.67 | — | 0.83 | Dihydrocarveol | 1193 | — | — | — | — | 1.70 | — | — | — | Verbenone | 1205 | — | — | — | — | - | 3.00 | — | — | Linalool acetate | 1254 | — | — | — | — | 22.35 | — | — | — | Geranial | 1267 | — | — | 0.80 | — | — | — | 20.38 | — | Isobornyl acetate | 1285 | 0.17 | — | — | 0.16 | — | 3.74 | — | — | Thymol | 1290 | 0.40 | 0.50 | — | 0.20 | — | 3.10 | — | 3.17 | Carvacrol | 1298 | 0.12 | — | — | — | — | 0.54 | — | 10.23 | Menthyl acetate | 1295 | — | 1.16 | — | — | — | — | — | — | iso-Menthyl acetate | 1304 | — | 4.10 | — | — | — | — | — | — | α-Copaene | 1376 | 0.14 | — | 0.66 | 0.65 | — | — | — | — | E-methyl cinnamate | 1378 | 1.05 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Geranyl acetate | 1381 | — | — | — | — | 2.19 | — | — | — | β-Bourbonene | 1388 | — | — | 2.47 | 0.28 | — | — | — | 0.82 | iso-Longifolene | 1390 | — | — | 2.20 | — | — | — | — | — | β-Elemene | 1390 | 0.57 | — | — | 1.02 | — | — | — | 0.29 | Methyl eugenol | 1403 | 12.10 | — | — | — | — | — | — | - | E-Caryophyllene | 1419 | 4.08 | — | 3.96 | 3.90 | 8.43 | 11.58 | 7.32 | 10.49 | Β-Ylangene | 1420 | — | 2.77 | — | — | — | — | — | — | α-trans-Bergamotene | 1434 | 1.97 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | β-Copaene | 1432 | — | — | 1.04 | — | — | — | — | 0.23 | α-Humulene | 1454 | 0.14 | 0.13 | 0.87 | — | 8.87 | 0.39 | 0.22 | 1.47 | E-β-Farnesene | 1456 | — | — | — | 1.05 | — | — | — | — | γ-Muurolene | 1480 | — | 2.23 | — | — | 0.87 | — | — | — | Germacrene D | 1481 | 1.81 | — | 24.10 | 2.54 | — | 1.35 | 0.29 | 14.20 | cis-Β-guaiene | 1493 | — | — | 1.07 | — | — | — | — | — | β-Macrocarpene | 1499 | — | — | 1.81 | — | — | — | — | — | Bicyclogermacrene | 1500 | 2.33 | 0.18 | — | — | 1.08 | — | 0.30 | 2.88 | β-Bisabolene | 1505 | — | — | 0.95 | — | — | 0.45 | — | 2.48 | Germacrene a | 1509 | — | — | — | — | 3.53 | — | — | — | Cubebol | 1515 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1.04 | — | δ-Cadinene | 1523 | 0.45 | 0.12 | 6.97 | — | — | — | 1.05 | 2.87 | Zonarene | 1529 | — | — | — | 1.30 | — | 0.38 | — | — | Γ-Cuprenene | 1533 | 0.47 | — | 1.62 | — | — | — | — | — | Elemol | 1549 | 2.62 | — | — | — | — | — | 4.21 | 1.39 | Dodecanoic acid | 1566 | — | — | 1.46 | — | — | — | 5.59 | - | Spathulenol | 1578 | 2.54 | 0.32 | 0.57 | 0.34 | — | — | 18.61 | 0.88 | Caryophyllene oxide | 1583 | 1.41 | 0.19 | 1.21 | 2.09 | 0.53 | 1.17 | 1.99 | 2.18 | Benzophenone | 1627 | 2.70 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Caryophylla-4 (12), 8 (13)-diene-5β-ol | 1640 | — | — | — | 0.25 | — | 1.87 | — | — | Epi-α-muurolol | 1642 | — | — | 1.00 | — | — | — | — | 1.63 | Cubenol | 1646 | 0.15 | — | 0.64 | — | 0.66 | — | — | 3.46 | α-Cadinol | 1654 | 0.33 | 1.10 | 0.70 | 1.45 | 0.54 | — | — | — | 7-Epi-α-eudesmol | 1663 | — | — | — | — | — | 2.29 | — | — | Khusinol | 1676 | — | — | — | — | — | 2.37 | — | — | Epi-α-bisabolol | 1684 | 0.22 | — | 1.12 | — | — | 1.88 | 0.63 | — | α-Costol | 1774 | — | — | — | 1.24 | — | — | — | — | Cyclopentadecanolide | 1833 | — | — | — | 1.12 | — | — | — | — | E,E-farnesyl acetate | 1843 | — | — | 3.27 | — | — | — | — | — | Phenyl ethyl octanoate. | 1847 | — | — | 0.84 | 1.17 | — | — | — | — | Isophyllocladene | 1968 | — | — | — | 2.33 | — | — | — | — | Hexadecanoic acid | 1995 | — | — | 12.09 | 12.68 | — | — | — | — | Eicosane | 2000 | — | — | — | 10.89 | — | — | — | — | Sclareolide | 2066 | — | — | — | 5.52 | — | — | — | — | N-Octadecanol | 2077 | — | — | — | 1.08 | — | — | — | — | Pseudo-phytol | 2018 | — | — | 3.25 | — | — | — | — | — | Linoleic acid | 2133 | — | — | 6.03 | 3.99 | — | — | — | — | Oleic acid | 2142 | — | — | — | 1.83 | — | — | — | — | n-Docosane | 2200 | — | — | 2.94 | 0.75 | — | — | — | — | n-Tricosane | 2300 | — | — | 1.54 | 2.31 | — | — | — | — | Isopimarol | 2310 | — | — | — | 1.54 | 1.90 | — | 0.63 | — | n-Pentacosan | 2500 | — | — | — | 0.34 | 4.30 | — | 2.08 | — | Hexacosane | 2600 | — | — | — | 4.54 | 1.30 | — | 0.69 | — | Heptacosane | 2700 | — | — | — | — | 4.16 | — | - | — | Octacosane | 2800 | — | — | — | 1.18 | 2.94 | — | 1.74 | — |
| Total | | 99.98 | 99.99 | 99.01 | 94.3 | 99.99 | 10− | 72.89 | 89.07 | Monoterpenes | | 1.30 | 2.85 | 2.04 | 4.33 | 14.17 | 22.48 | 3.78 | 23.32 | Oxygenated monoterpenes | | 11.55 | 89.46 | 2.71 | 1.16 | 44.81 | 53.47 | 20.38 | 18.26 | Sesquiterpenes | | 14.14 | 5.43 | 49.30 | 12.92 | 22.78 | 14.15 | 9.18 | 36.92 | Oxygenated sesquiterpenes | | 10.19 | 2.05 | 11.03 | 14.74 | 2.38 | 9.58 | 28.56 | 10.57 | Diterpenes | | — | — | — | 4.31 | — | — | — | — | Oxygenated diterpenes | | — | — | 3.97 | 11.50 | 1.90 | — | 0.63 | — | Fatty acids and derivatives | | — | 0.20 | 23.90 | 22.25 | 0.42 | 0.32 | 5.59 | — | Hydrocbons | | — | — | 4.92 | 20.72 | 13.53 | — | 4.77 | - | Phenylpropanoids and other compounds | | 62.8 | — | 0.75 | 0.50 | — | — | — | — | Unknown | | — | — | 0.39 | 1,87 | — | — | — | — |
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