Influences of Agrochemicals on Health and Ecology in Vietnamese Mango Cultivation
Table 5
The classification of active ingredients by WHO and UTZ.
Active ingredient
WHO class
UTZ class
Ban
Control
Paclobutrazol
II
Herbicide
Glyphosate
III
x
Paraquat
II
x
2,4-D Dimethylamine
II
x
Insecticide
Cypermethrin
II
Chlorpyrifos
II
x
Emamectin
II
Abamectin
Ib
x
Imidacloprid
II
x
Permethrin
II
x
Fungicide
Mancozeb
U
x
Propineb
U
Ziram
II
x
Carbendazim
U
x
Difenoconazole
II
Tebuconazole
II
Azoxystrobin
U
Metalaxyl
III
Trifloxystrobin
U
Source: Field Survey Data, 2018 [34,35]. Pesticides meeting indicators of the list of banned pesticides but too challenging to be replaced by UTZ 2015.