Short-Term Effects of Strengthening Exercises of the Lower Limb Rehabilitation Protocol on Pain, Stiffness, Physical Function, and Body Mass Index among Knee Osteoarthritis Participants Who Were Overweight or Obese: A Clinical Trial

Table 1

Whole body ROM exercises as part of warm-up or cooldown.

Body part	ROM exercises
Neck	Flexion and extension, side flexion to the right and then to the left, and neck rotation to the right and then to the left
Shoulder	Shoulder flexion and extension, shoulder abduction and adduction, and shoulder rotation
Elbow	Elbow flexion and extension
Wrist	Wrist flexion and extension
Spine	Spine flexion and extension and spine rotation to the right and then to the left
Hip	Hip abduction and adduction and hip flexion and extension
Knee	Knee flexion and extension
Ankle	Ankle dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
10 repetitions of each muscle group’s ROM exercises will be performed before and after the intervention period

ROM, range of motion.