Identifying Factors Associated with Barriers in the Number of Antenatal Care Service Visits among Pregnant Women in Rural Parts of Ethiopia

Table 3

Factors associated with the number of ANC service visits in rural parts of Ethiopia.

Count regression result (Hurdle–Poisson regression model)
Variables	Categories	Estimates	AOR (95% CI for OR)	value
Pregnancy complication	Intercept	1.140	3.128 (2.952, 3.315)	≤0.001
	No	Ref	1
	Yes	0.145	1.156(1.111, 1.203)	≤0.001
Husband education	No education	Ref	1
	Primary	0.018	1.018(1.035, 1.864)	0.004
	Secondary	0.110	1.117(1.047, 1.191)	≤0.001
	Higher	0.175	1.191(1.102, 1.287)	≤0.001
Wealth index	Poorer	Ref	1
	Middle	0.077	1.080(1.022, 1.142)	0.006
	Richer	0.095	1.100(1.050, 1.152)	≤0.001
Region	Tigray	Ref	1
	Afar	−0.176	0.839(0.760, 0.926)	≤0.001
	Amhara	−0.045	0.956(0.890, 1.026)	0.211
	Oromia	−	0.906(0.845, 0.972)	0.006
	Somali	−0.283	0.753(0.682, 0.832)	≤0.001
	Benishangul	−0.035	0.965(0.897, 1.039)	0.349
	SNNPR	−0.021	0.979(0.918, 1.045)	0.531
	Gambela	0.003	1.00(0.917, 1.099)	0.940
	Harari	−0.092	0.912(0.825, 1.008)	0.073
	Dire dawa	0.280	1.323(1.205, 1.453)	≤0.001
Logistic regression result
Maternal age	Intercept	2.000	7.392(3.386, 16.140)	≤0.0001
	15–24	Ref	1
	25–34	0.0157	1.016(0.870, 1.187)	0.843
	35–49	−0.37051	0.690(0.577, 0.827)	≤0.001
Mothers education	No education	Ref	1
	Primary	0.617	1.85(1.574, 2.183)	≤0.001
	Secondary	0.8701	2.387(1.560, 3.654)	≤0.001
	Higher	0.780	2.182(0.815, 5.84)	0.120
Media exposure	Not exposed	Ref	1
	Exposed	0.556	1.745(1.098, 2.775)	0.019
Distance from health facility	No problem	Ref	1
	Problem	−0.289	0.75(0.73,0.98)	0.013
Pregnancy complication	No	Ref	1
	Yes	1.136	3.114(2.703, 3.587)	≤0.001
Husband education	No education	Ref	1
	Primary	0.426	1.531(1.327, 1.767)	≤0.001
	Secondary	0.861	2.366(1.811,3.092)	≤0.001
	Higher	0.807	2.244(1.553, 3.236)	≤0.001
Plan of pregnancy	Not planned	Ref	1
	Planned	0.353	1.42(1.144, 1.770)	0.002
Wealth index	Poorer	Ref	1
	Middle	0.489	1.631(1.360, 1.957)	≤0.001
	Richer	0.739	2.094(1.777, 2.467)	≤0.001
Region	Tigray	Ref	1
	Afar	−1.959	0.141(0.103, 0.193)	≤0.001
	Amhara	−1.341	0.262(0.193, 0.354)	≤0.001
	Oromia	−2.158	0.115(0.086, 0.154)	≤0.001
	Somali	−2.225	0.1081(0.080, 0.147)	≤0.001
	Benishangul	−1.364	0.256(0.186, 0.351)	≤0.001
	SNNPR	−1.410	0.244(0.181, 0.330)	≤0.001
	Gambela	−2.240	0.106(0.076, 0.150)	≤0.001
	Harari	−1.638	0.194(0.132, 0.2853)	≤0.001
	Dire dawa	−0.438	0.645(0.414, 1.004)	0.052

Ref: reference categories, AOR: adjusted odds ratio, CI: confidence interval, significance at 5%.