Assessment of Groundwater Quality Using Water Quality Index from Selected Springs in Manga Subcounty, Nyamira County, Kenya

Table 2

Parameter characterization, recommended standards, and agency.

Parameter	Unit	SP1	SP2	SP3	Standard error	Standard	Reference agency [39, 40]
pH	pH scale	5.7	5.1	5.4	0.173	6.5–8.5	WHO/KEBS
Turbidity	N-T-U	0.9	0.84	1.05	0.0624	Max 5	WHO/KEBS
Nitrate	mgNO3/l	0.68	0.88	1.2	0.151	Max 10	WHO/KEBS
Phosphate	mg/l	0.14	0.24	0.08	0.0467	Max 30	KEBS
Calcium	mg/l	8	6	9	0.882	Max 150	KEBS
Magnesium	mg/l	1.2	0.9	0.67	0.153	Max 100	WHO/KEBS
Chloride	mg/l	3	2	1	0.577	Max 250	WHO/KEBS
Fluoride	mg/l	0	0	0	0.000	Max 1.5	WHO/KEBS
Sulphate	mg/l	4	2	2	0.667	Max 400	KEBS
Iron	mg/l	0	0	0	0.000	Max 0.3	WHO/KEBS
Total phosphorous	mg/l	0.28	0.36	0.16	0.0581	Max 2	WHO
Total hardness	mgCaCO3/l	10	8	10	0.667	Max 300	KEBS
Total alkalinity	mgCaCO3/l	20	17	20	1.000	Max 500	WHO
TDS	mg/l	25	22	23	0.882	Max 1000	KEBS
Coliforms	Colonies/100 ml	0	0	0	0.000	0	WHO/KEBS