Composting for a More Sustainable Palm Oil Waste Management: A Systematic Literature Review

Table 1

Definitions of composting obtained from several references.

Compost definition	Reference
Composting is the controlled biological decomposition of organic waste into humus. It is also known as the bioconversion of organic waste substrates into stable end products (compost)	[21]
Composting is a solid phase of aerobic biodegradation through a natural heating process of organic matter under controlled conditions that distinguishes it from ordinary decay	[22]
Composting is a viable way to convert various organic wastes into products that can be safely used as biofertilizers and soil conditioners	[23]
Compost is the final product of decomposed organic plant and animal waste	[24]
Composting is the biological decomposition of organic matter under aerobic conditions	[25]
Composting is the biological decomposition and stabilization of organic substrates when a thermophilic process occurs due to a naturally generated heat to produce a stable final product that is free from pathogenic bacteria and can be applied to agricultural land	[26]
Composting is a viable way to convert various organic wastes into products that can be safely used as biofertilizers and soil conditioners	[27]
Composting is a biological decomposition and stabilization of organic waste that occurs naturally	[28]
Composting is the process of breaking down organic matter through the process of decomposition and digestion in an oxygen-rich (aerobic) environment	[29]