Acute and Subacute Toxicity Assessment of Andrographolide-2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin Complex via Oral and Inhalation Route of Administration in Sprague-Dawley Rats
Table 4
Evaluation of biochemical parameters in the repeated dose inhalation subacute toxicity study of AND-2-HyP-β-CYD complex.
Groups
Parameters
Normal control
Vehicle control
Low dose
Mid dose
High dose
Male
ALB (g/dL)
4.6 ± 0.82
3.4 ± 0.25
3.16 ± 0.16
3.2 ± 0.33
3.3 ± 0.33
ALP (U/L)
265.25 ± 88.48
305 ± 28.49
349.4 ± 90.54
348.0 ± 57.69
347.0 ± 137.17
ALT (U/L)
38.75 ± 28.49
41.25 ± 14.93
32.0 ± 50.48
42.40 ± 12.40
42.0 ± 11.51
AST (U/L)
88.75 ± 17.5
90 ± 30.27
81.0 ± 36.97
90.0 ± 11.18
91.0 ± 27.47
BIL (U/L)
0.10 ± 0.00
0.10 ± 0.00
0.10 ± 0.00
0.10 ± 0.00
0.10 ± 0.00
CA (mg/dL)
9.2 ± 0.52
9.25 ± 0.34
8.68 ± 0.63
8.78 ± 0.35
8.44 ± 0.30
CHO (mg/dL)
47.0 ± 2.30
51.25 ± 7.22
46.8 ± 2.68
46.2 ± 2.16
48.6 ± 5.36
CREJ (mg/dL)
0.3 ± 0.00
0.32 ± 0.05
0.32 ± 0.04
0.26 ± 0.05
0.32 ± 0.04
PHOS (mg/dL)
9.95 ± 1.39
9.5 ± 3.0
14.62 ± 3.19
11.64 ± 1.17
12.02 ± 0.91
TP (g/dL)
8.12 ± 0.77
7.2 ± 0.25
7.18 ± 0.30
6.9 ± 0.23
7.1 ± 0.23
UREA (mg/dL)
33.85 ± 1.27
29.97 ± 3.79
34.62 ± 4.74
38.34 ± 2.57
34.08 ± 2.66
GLU (mg/dL)
99.5 ± 8.22
99.5 ± 3.69
106.8 ± 9.44
103.4 ± 7.40
105.2 ± 11.32
Female
ALB (g/dL)
3.8 ± 0.38
3.68 ± 0.24
3.26 ± 0.19
3.18 ± 0.30
3.4 ± 0.6
ALP (U/L)
205.16 ± 35.0
213.66 ± 53.26
241.66 ± 47.94
223.2 ± 39.35
215.4 ± 23.64
ALT (U/L)
23.33 ± 4.08
27.5 ± 7.58
40.0 ± 19.23
40.0 ± 16.58
35.0 ± 16.58
AST (U/L)
54.16 ± 14.97
66.66 ± 22.73
134.33 ± 55.16
116.4 ± 54.73
121.8 ± 63.51
BIL (U/L)
0.10 ± 0.00
0.10 ± 0.00
0.10 ± 0.00
0.10 ± 0.00
0.10 ± 0.00
CA (mg/dL)
9.88 ± 0.31
9.26 ± 0.35
8.71 ± 0.18
9.92 ± 0.59
9.14 ± 0.31
CHO (mg/dL)
68.33 ± 9.39
56.5 ± 7.34
52.5 ± 5.92
54.2 ± 5.63
54.6 ± 9.44
CREJ (mg/dL)
0.35 ± 0.04
0.38 ± 0.04
0.33 ± 0.05
0.36 ± 0.05
0.36 ± 0.05
PHOS (mg/dL)
5.56 ± 0.47
6.68 ± 0.76
7.81 ± 0.87
6.88 ± 1.14
6.58 ± 0.74
TP (g/dL)
7.4 ± 0.22
7.38 ± 0.29
7.31 ± 0.40
7.16 ± 0.27
7.28 ± 0.57
UREA (mg/dL)
30.96 ± 3.64
32.38 ± 1.57
29.26 ± 1.09
30.14 ± 2.35
30.74 ± 3.64
GLU (mg/dL)
115.16 ± 6.79
112 ± 5.32
113.66 ± 5.12
105.2 ± 9.36
91.4 ± 6.54
Each value represents the mean ± standard deviation (n = 6). One-way ANOVA test () followed by Dunnett’s test. One-way ANOVA test () followed by Dunnett’s test.
