Research Article

Pedagogy for Teaching Fire Safety through Design-Based Immersion of the National Building Code 2016 with Feedback from Students of Undergraduate Architecture

Table 1

The detailed step-by-step methodology for the semester-long course designed to teach fire safety to students of architecture.

S. noTitle of the course methodology stepDescription of the course methodology stepRemarks

1Case study of a model building with state-of-the-art fire safety provisions integrated into the designA building with state-of-the-art fire safety was selected, and permission for a site visit was requested. The fire expert executed the site visit from the organisation which was visited. Students were made to touch and feel fire safety equipment and understand the various design interventions to make the building fire safeThe students were taken to an active mass transit transport station which was underground and heavily equipped with fire safety mechanisms

2Sensitisation of the importance of fire safety in buildings by news-reported casesThe students were presented with multiple newspaper reports about fire incidences involving a loss of life and property. The students were made to study the highlighted points regarding the lapses in architectural design and noncompliance with fire codes which contributed to the gravity of loss in the fire incidences. Lapses may be a lack of ventilation or sealed windows[12]The fire instances highlighted were those of the Mundka fire case in Delhi and other fire cases [17]

3Reading through Part 4 of NBC 2016 and creating a step-by-step list of actionable stepsThis is a significant step where a very bulky and text-based code was translated into graphical list-based actionable steps that the students could easily follow at the drawing board stage, and this will serve as a ready reckoner for the studentThe students had to have a graphical list with arrows and the clause mentioned explicitly from the code. The graphical list sample prepared by a student is shown in Figure 1

4Getting the drawings for a building project ready for future integration of fire provisions into itThis is a crucial step as in this, the students were asked to compulsorily get a studio project that they had designed in the past to have complete familiarity with the project’s design. If not already carried out, integrating fire safety measures will be more effortless as the students can compensate for other design considerations and the building brief accordinglyThe students chose the projects from their previous semester’s design studio. The typology was public, and the students mostly had one of the following: (1)museums, (2)primary schools, (3)community centres, and (4)primary health care centres

5Integrating the graphical list-based actionable steps into the existing building plans under exerciseThe actionable steps collated in the list will be implemented in the design project selected. In order to fine-tune the broad principles, the students were to refer to the details in the code along with other related standards mentioned in the code to make an appropriate design. The students were to mark the fire safety interventions as an overlay on the building plans with proper notations and note the calculations in the drawing legend. Students were also provided with an existing fire plan of another building to see the notations and the symbols. The students were only to submit the overlay so that their inclination, as architecture students, to make drawings is further enforcedThe students made a thorough effort to write down the calculations, step by step, as a legend in the drawing sheet, along with all the fire notations that were given by showing an actual sheet of another project made by a fire safety consultant