Clinico Hemato Biochemical Findings, Clinical Management, and Production Performance of Bovines with Late Pregnancy Indigestion (Type IV Vagal Indigestion)

Table 1

History and clinical observations of 15 animals with late pregnancy indigestion.

Characteristic	Finding	Number of animals
Feed intake	Reduced	3
	Absent	12
Water intake	Normal	6
	Reduced	9
History of abdominal pain	Present	3
	Absent	12
History of fever	Present	7
	Absent	8
History of tympany	Persistent	5
	Once	2
	Absent	8
Defecation	Scanty	9
	Absent	6
General expression	Alert	8
	Depressed	7
Visual findings	Mild to moderate left side distension	5
	Severe left side distension	6
	Bilateral distension	2
	Papple shaped abdomen	2
Mucous membrane	Normal	6
	Congested	7
	Anemic	2
Dehydration	Mild	10
	Moderate	5
Temperature	Normal (99–102°F)	11
	Increased (>102°F)	4
Heart rate/minute	Normal (60–80)	8
	Slightly to moderately increased (81–100)	4
	Greatly increased (>100)	3
Respiration rate/minute	Normal (15–25)	3
	Increased (>26)	12
Rumen motility/2 minutes	Normal (3/2)	2
	Reduced (<3/2)	8
	Absent	3
	Increased (>3/2)	2
Treatment	Medicinal till natural parturition or death	12*
	Rumenotomy followed by induced parturition	1
	Induction of parturition	2

∗Two animals died within three days.