Research Article
Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Toxoplasma gondii Infection among Domestic Ruminants in East Hararghe Zone of Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Table 5
Analysis of risk factors with
T. gondii seropositivity in camels at animal level (
).
| | Variables | Category | Number tested | Positive (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | value |
| | District | Gursum | 95 | 13 (13.7) | 1.00 (ref.) | — | — | | Babille | 197 | 29 (14.7) | 1.09 (0.54–2.20) | — | — | | Sex | Male | 73 | 11 (15.1) | 1.00 (ref.) | — | — | | Female | 219 | 31 (14.2) | 0.93 (0.44–1.96) | — | — | | Age | ≤4 years | 110 | 9 (8.2) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | — | | >4 years | 182 | 33 (18.1) | 2.49 (1.14–5.42) | 2.49 (1.14–5.45) | 0.022 | | Herd size | Small | 203 | 30 (14.8) | 1.00 (ref.) | — | — | | Large | 89 | 12 (13.5) | 0.90 (0.44–1.85) | — | — | | Cat contact | No | 246 | 32 (13.0) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | — | | Yes | 46 | 10 (21.7) | 1.86 (0.84–4.10) | 1.87 (0.84–4.18) | 0.127 | | Water source | Mixed | 215 | 30 (14.0) | 1.00 (ref.) | — | — | | Pond | 77 | 12 (15.6) | 1.14 (0.55–2.35) | — | — |
|
|
Mixed : river, stream water, and well; Pond : stagnant water; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval. Significant. |
