Assessment of Major Causes of Calf Mortality in Urban and Periurban Dairy Production System of Ethiopia

Table 1

Mean annual calf mortality and distribution by age category in urban and periurban dairy production system, 2014 to 2015.

Age category	Mortality (%) (95% CI)
Prenatal mortality (abortion and stillbirth)	10.1 (6.7, 13.6)
Perinatal (<48 hrs)	2.4 (1.8, 3.3)
Neonatal (48 hours–1 month)	9.6 (8.3, 11.1)
Early preweaning (1–3 months)	2.2 (1.3, 3.0)
Late preweaning (>3 months)	1.5 (1.0, 2.2)
Mean annual birth-to-weaning mortality	18.5 (12.6, 24.3)
Overall mean annual mortality	26.7 (21.2, 32.2)

Mean birth-to-weaning mortality calculated related to total number of calf born alive (n = 1,706). Overall annual mortality calculated related to total number of calf born alive + stillborn (n = 1,898).