Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Foot and Mouth Disease in Cattle in West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia

Table 1

Univariable logistic regression analysis of potential risk factors associated with the seropositivity of bovine FMD in West Shewa Zone.

Risk factors	Categories	No. of cattle sampled	No. of seropositive	Seroprevalence (%)	Odds ratio	95% CI	value
Districts	Ambo	66	19	28.8	1	—
	Bako Tibe	78	30	38.5	1.5	0.8–3.2	0.223
	Cheliya	50	28	56.0	3.2	1.5–6.8	0.004
	Abuna Ginde Beret	51	24	47.1	2.2	1.0–4.7	0.044
	Jeldu	43	13	30.2	1.1	0−2.5	0.871
	Tokekutaye	96	41	42.7	1.3	0.8–3.7	0.073
Sex	Male	175	64	36.6	1	—
	Female	209	91	43.5	1.3	0.9–2.1	0.166
Breed	Local	248	89	35.9	1	-
	Cross	136	66	48.5	1.7	1.1–2.6	0.016
Management	Extensive	316	117	37.0	1	—
	Semi-intensive and intensive	68	38	55.9	2.2	1.3–3.7	0.005
Sheep and goats in cattle herd	No	152	42	27.6	1	—
	Yes	232	113	48.7	2.4	1.6–3.9	≤0.001
Age in years	2–4	185	72	38.9	1	—
	>4	199	83	41.7	1.1	0.8–1.7	0.578
Common grazing	No	159	59	37.1	1	—
	Yes	225	96	42.7	1.3	0.8–1.9	0.274

The multivariable logistic regression model of risk factors analysis indicated that districts, breed, and animal composition in herds had a significant association with seroprevalence of FMD and hence are independent predictors (). Abuna Ginde Beret and Cheliya districts have a chance of 9 times more likely to have FMD seropositive when compared to the Ambo district. The prevalence of FMD was higher when cattle keeping with small ruminants, and the data had a statistically significant difference (OR: 2.1) (Table 2).