Conventional Echocardiography and Two-Dimensional Speckle Tracking in Healthy Sevoflurane-Anesthetized Dogs Undergoing Continuous Rate Infusion of Nalbuphine
Table 1
Mean ± standard deviation of echocardiographic variables reflecting left ventricular volumes and systolic function in 18 bitches anesthetized with sevoflurane and undergoing continuous rate infusion of nalbuphine (GN) or saline (GC) over 80 minutes of observation.
Variable
Group
Time (minutes)
Baseline
20
40
60
80
EDVI (mL/m2)
GN
34.9 ± 9.6
34.1 ± 10.3
34.7 ± 8.8
33.3 ± 7.6
35.2 ± 9.7
GC
32.5 ± 6.0
33.3 ± 4.8
32.7 ± 4.7
32.3 ± 6.6
33.3 ± 5.1
ESVI (mL/m2)
GN
16.7 ± 5.0
15.7 ± 5.2
15.5 ± 3.5
15.1 ± 3.4
15.8 ± 4.4
GC
15.5 ± 3.2
14.3 ± 2.3
14.8 ± 3.5
14.7 ± 3.5
15.6 ± 2.9
EF (%)
GN
51 ± 9
53 ± 8
55 ± 9
54 ± 8
54 ± 7
GC
52 ± 7
57 ± 6
55 ± 9
55 ± 6
53 ± 7
S′ wave (m/s)
GN
0.07 ± 0.02
0.08 ± 0.02
0.09 ± 0.03
0.09 ± 0.03
0.08 ± 0.03
GC
0.08 ± 0.03
0.08 ± 0.02
0.08 ± 0.02
0.08 ± 0.02
0.08 ± 0.02
DEI (mL/beat/m2)
GN
37.7 ± 8.1
42.9 ± 9
43.1 ± 8.5
44.8 ± 10.1
43.3 ± 9.5
GC
32.9 ± 10.0
34.1 ± 11.5
33.7 ± 10.6
32.5 ± 9.2
34.1 ± 11.3
DCI (L/minute/m2)
GN
4.0 ± 1.3
3.9 ± 1.7
4.1 ± 1.46
4.4 ± 2.1
4.1 ± 1.7
GC
3.5 ± 1.2
3.5 ± 1.3
3.5 ± 1.2
3.2 ± 1.0
3.5 ± 1.2
Variables do not differ according to ANOVA (). EDVI, end-diastolic volume index; ESVI, end-systolic volume index; EF, ejection fraction; S′ wave, peak systolic mitral annular velocity derived from tissue Doppler; DEI, Doppler ejection index; DCI, Doppler cardiac index.
