Toxicological Evaluation and Protective Effects of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Cassia spectabilis DC on Liver and Kidney Function of Plasmodium berghei-Infected Mice

Table 2

Lesion scores of liver and kidney of BALB/c mice in subacute oral toxicity of EECS.

Organ	Mean score of lesions	Groups				Asymptotic significance ()
		EECS; 1 × 150 mg/kg	EECS; 5 × 150 mg/kg	EECS; 10 × 150 mg/kg	Normal control
Liver	Necrosis	2.34 ± 0.10^a	2.29 ± 0.30^a	2.03 ± 0.92^a	2.37 ± 0.34^a	0.838
	Degeneration	2.20 ± 0.16^a	2.43 ± 0.21^a,b	2.77 ± 0.60^b,c	2.26 ± 0.25^a	0.029
	Mean score	2.27 ± 0.13	2.36 ± 0.25	2.40 ± 0.76	2.31 ± 0.29	0.433
Kidney	Necrosis	1.94 ± 0.32^a	1.09 ± 0.60^b	1.54 ± 0.63^a,b	1.60 ± 0.48^a,b	0.060
	Degeneration	1.14 ± 0.49^a	1.74 ± 0.19^b	1.93 ± 0.71^a,b	1.86 ± 0.46^b,c	0.065
	Mean score	1.16 ± 0.40	1.41 ± 0.39	1.73 ± 0.67	1.73 ± 0.47	0.062

Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 7). The superscript () denotes that the values were significantly different from control (; Kruskal–Wallis test for global comparison of organ lesions among groups). The superscripts (a, b, c) indicate that the values in the same row with different superscript letters were significantly different (; Mann–Whitney test). EECS: 90% ethanolic leaf extract of Cassia spectabilis DC.