Toxicological Evaluation and Protective Effects of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Cassia spectabilis DC on Liver and Kidney Function of Plasmodium berghei-Infected Mice

Table 4

Lesion scores of liver and kidney of P. berghei ANKA-infected mice treated with EECS.

Organ	Mean scores of lesions	Groups
		Negative control	EECS; 150 mg/kg	EECS; 200 mg/kg	Chloroquine	Healthy control
Liver	Necrosis	1.30 ± 0.26^a	0.75 ± 0.34^a,b	0.60 ± 0.16^b	0.65 ± 0.10^b	0.50 ± 0.12^b
	Degeneration	2.45 ± 0.38^a	1.45 ± 0.19^b	1.10 ± 0.35^b	1.20 ± 0.28^b,c	0.65 ± 0.10^c
	Mean score	1.87 ± 0.32	1.10 ± 0.26	0.85 ± 0.25	0.92 ± 0.19	0.57 ± 0.11
Kidney	Necrosis	1.75 ± 0.50^a	1.55 ± 0.41^a,b	1.65 ± 0.19^a	1.40 ± 0.28^b	1.20 ± 0.36^c
	Degeneration	1.30 ± 0.74^a,b	1.20 ± 0.52^a,b	1.20 ± 0.16^a,b	1.10 ± 0.26^a	1.45 ± 0.68^b
	Mean score	1.52 ± 0.62	1.37 ± 0.46	1.42 ± 0.17	1.25 ± 0.27	1.32 ± 0.52

Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 7). No significant difference between the groups (; Kruskal–Wallis test). The superscripts (a, b, c) indicate that the values in the same row with different superscript letters were significantly different (; Mann–Whitney test). EECS: 90% ethanolic leaf extract of Cassia spectabilis DC.