Veterinary Medicine International / 2023 / Article / Tab 3 / Research Article
Repeat Breeding and Its’ Associated Risk Factors in Crossbred Dairy Cattle in Northern Central Highlands of Ethiopia Table 3 Prevalence of repeat breeding across with production system, feeding management, heat detection, time of AI, and predisposing reproductive problems) in crossbred dairy cattle.
Risk factors Retrospective study Group Cows/heifers examined (no) Prevalence no. (%) X 2 ( - value)Odds ratio (95% CI) - valueProduction system Extensive 73 51(69.9) 63.4 (<0.01) 9.4 (5.1–17.4) <0.01 Semi-intensive 239 106 (44.4) 2.9 (1.7–5.1) Intensive 198 39 (20.2) Reference Management condition Poor 87 63 (72.4) 93.2 (<0.01) 13.4 (7.4–24.4) <0.05 Medium 215 100 (46.5) 4.5 (2.8–7.0) Good 208 33 (15.9) Reference Heat detection ≤20 min/detection time 90 77 (85.6) 102.6 (<0.01) 13.4 (7.3–24.6) <0.01 ≥20 min/detection time 420 119 (28.3) Reference Time of AI Correct 396 104 (26.3) 162.9 (<0.01) Reference <0.01 Incorrect 114 92 (80.7) 42.5 (15.2–119.9) Predisposing reproductive problems Abortion Yes 70 43 (61.4) 17.8 (<0.01) 2.97 (1.8–5.0) <0.01 No 440 154 (35.0) Reference Dystocia Yes 62 31 (50.0) 3.8 (<0.05) 2.01 (1.2–3.6) <0.01 No 448 166 (37.1) References RFM Yes 149 72 (48.3) 8.3 (<0.01) 1.5 (1–2.2) <0.05 No 361 125 (34.6) References Metritis/endometritis Yes 96 53 (55.2) 13.7 (<0.01) 2.0 (1.3–3.2) <0.01 No 414 144 (34.8) References Vaginal/uterine prolapses Yes 33 25 (75.8) 20.5 (<0.01) 3.8 (1.6–9.1) <0.01 No 477 172 (36.1) References