Multiconnectivity for Mobility Robustness in Standalone 5G Ultra Dense Networks with Intrafrequency Cloud Radio Access

<div>The probability that the strongest cell is in AS, and comparison of normalized RLFs <svg height="16.2214pt" id="M299" style="vertical-align:-3.2272pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -12.9942 22.2181 16.2214" width="22.2181pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,-.144,-3.967)"><path d="M470 619L451 641C422 610 391 595 348 595C316 595 288 601 248 612C197 628 172 633 138 633C97 633 43 615 0 555L19 532C54 562 86 578 130 578C166 578 189 571 222 562C267 549 301 540 337 540C381 540 434 557 470 619Z" id="g119-25"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="470" vert-adv-y="470"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M425 682C425 693 422 699 407 699C369 699 308 677 260 646C213 651 191 674 191 701C191 715 195 726 200 734L183 740C153 730 118 709 118 681C118 644 163 619 218 615C168 582 115 534 115 463C115 418 147 382 180 369C102 329 23 261 23 163C23 74 74 38 158 14C183 7 201 2 221 -2C279 -15 290 -33 290 -58C290 -94 251 -145 230 -169L252 -189C280 -171 367 -103 367 -25C367 20 333 51 266 68C245 73 218 80 191 89C139 106 107 135 107 192C107 261 161 329 221 355C248 350 281 347 314 347C330 347 370 388 370 406C370 418 366 422 352 422C321 422 280 413 255 407C218 413 192 448 192 493C192 544 229 588 266 610C309 610 354 615 376 623C397 631 425 651 425 682Z" id="g113-236"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="448" vert-adv-y="448"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,5.846,3.132)"><path d="M639 21C616 28 593 39 566 68C542 92 523 117 486 170C457 215 415 282 397 314C472 346 524 398 524 485C524 545 497 590 456 617C417 641 369 650 296 650H43V617C122 612 130 608 130 523V129C130 45 122 38 38 33V0H306V33C225 38 216 45 216 129V282H249C302 282 319 270 336 243C365 195 401 132 436 84C483 18 525 -5 597 -8C610 -9 622 -9 635 -9L639 21ZM216 319V559C216 586 219 596 227 603S250 613 281 613C356 613 429 576 429 469C429 416 413 379 374 348C349 327 316 319 265 319H216Z" id="g58-80"></path><glyph.data ascent="1007" descent="-369" horiz-adv-x="632" vert-adv-y="632"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,11.661,3.132)"><path d="M499 166C484 119 466 88 447 68C424 43 390 38 338 38C297 38 262 40 242 51C223 62 218 80 218 133V522C218 607 226 612 309 617V650H41V617C124 612 131 605 131 522V129C131 45 123 38 38 33V0H497C505 30 529 128 534 160L499 166Z" id="g58-74"></path><glyph.data ascent="1007" descent="-369" horiz-adv-x="548" vert-adv-y="548"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,16.648,3.132)"><path d="M502 500C497 551 492 613 491 650H43V617C122 612 130 606 130 521V129C130 45 122 38 41 33V0H319V33C227 38 217 45 217 129V305H319C411 305 413 295 427 225H461V421H427C414 357 411 348 319 348H217V580C217 609 219 612 250 612H330C401 612 423 605 439 578C452 557 458 539 467 496L502 500Z" id="g58-68"></path><glyph.data ascent="1007" descent="-369" horiz-adv-x="540" vert-adv-y="540"></glyph.data></g></svg> in the practical AS management scheme with an upper bound.</div>

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

fig7

Figure 7

Figure 7: Multiconnectivity for Mobility Robustness in Standalone 5G Ultra Dense Networks with Intrafrequency Cloud Radio Access 