Combined Sector and Channel Hopping Schemes for Efficient Rendezvous in Directional Antenna Cognitive Radio Networks

<table class="figure-group"><tr class="fig-image" id="a"><td><object data="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/wcmc/volume-2017/5748067/figures/5748067.fig.008a.svgz" name="5748067.fig.008a" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(a) </b>GCQs for mapping <svg height="12.3054pt" id="M533" style="vertical-align:-3.29108pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.01432 16.1949 12.3054" width="16.1949pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M449 645C392 682 336 687 293 687C136 687 37 594 37 499C37 397 122 342 207 329C176 273 159 217 159 158C159 48 247 -15 356 -15C417 -15 478 3 530 39S626 128 626 187C626 256 580 290 508 290C402 290 311 187 311 65L333 63C344 171 423 247 491 247C528 247 562 225 562 173C562 97 470 15 360 15C284 15 243 61 243 125C243 176 255 240 312 324C552 324 781 473 781 594C781 642 748 669 685 669C547 669 336 527 229 361C151 369 78 413 78 501C78 604 200 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type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(b) </b>GRQs for mapping <svg height="14.5433pt" id="M534" style="vertical-align:-5.528979pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.01432 16.3593 14.5433" width="16.3593pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M449 645C392 682 336 687 293 687C136 687 37 594 37 499C37 397 122 342 207 329C176 273 159 217 159 158C159 48 247 -15 356 -15C417 -15 478 3 530 39S626 128 626 187C626 256 580 290 508 290C402 290 311 187 311 65L333 63C344 171 423 247 491 247C528 247 562 225 562 173C562 97 470 15 360 15C284 15 243 61 243 125C243 176 255 240 312 324C552 324 781 473 781 594C781 642 748 669 685 669C547 669 336 527 229 361C151 369 78 413 78 501C78 604 200 657 301 657C336 657 381 657 437 626L449 645ZM331 355C443 513 593 632 690 632C723 632 740 619 740 592C740 534 671 464 576 416C501 377 411 354 332 354L331 355Z" id="g198-4"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,10.361,3.132)"><path d="M563 395C563 428 543 451 519 451C500 451 480 438 472 423C468 415 465 403 470 394C477 381 482 368 482 347C482 272 386 136 342 74H340C334 163 323 257 312 337C302 410 290 451 257 451C214 451 160 385 127 338L145 310C169 341 203 373 209 373C219 373 225 369 232 325C249 215 269 62 271 -15C220 -80 135 -165 18 -231L26 -257L142 -230C254 -105 279 -74 342 13C394 85 484 211 526 286C553 334 563 365 563 395Z" id="g50-122"></path></g></svg></td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="c"><td><object data="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/wcmc/volume-2017/5748067/figures/5748067.fig.008c.svgz" name="5748067.fig.008c" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(c) </b>Channel rendezvous between SUs on the common channel <svg height="12.5273pt" id="M535" style="vertical-align:-3.29115pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.23615 20.7568 12.5273" width="20.7568pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" 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566C579 535 582 493 582 401V326C582 161 537 40 393 40C269 40 205 133 205 294V521C205 611 213 617 291 622V650H33V622C111 615 120 611 120 521V272C120 154 148 80 208 34C252 0 309 -14 368 -14C434 -14 501 7 548 55C605 116 623 201 623 319V401C623 493 626 536 629 563C633 605 656 618 716 622V650Z" id="g121-83"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,15.554,3.132)"><path d="M563 395C563 428 543 451 519 451C500 451 480 438 472 423C468 415 465 403 470 394C477 381 482 368 482 347C482 272 386 136 342 74H340C334 163 323 257 312 337C302 410 290 451 257 451C214 451 160 385 127 338L145 310C169 341 203 373 209 373C219 373 225 369 232 325C249 215 269 62 271 -15C220 -80 135 -165 18 -231L26 -257L142 -230C254 -105 279 -74 342 13C394 85 484 211 526 286C553 334 563 365 563 395Z" id="g50-122"></path></g></svg> start its CH with 0, 1, and 5 slots later than <svg height="12.0575pt" id="M537" style="vertical-align:-3.2911pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.7664 21.3492 12.0575" width="21.3492pt" 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<div>An example of AGQ-CH sequences constructions and rendezvous for a pair of communicating SUs.</div>

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

fig8

Figure 8

Figure 8: Combined Sector and Channel Hopping Schemes for Efficient Rendezvous in Directional Antenna Cognitive Radio Networks 