A Review on Human Body Communication: Signal Propagation Model, Communication Performance, and Experimental Issues

Table 3

Channel characteristics from the literature.

Gain	Phase	Linearity of channel	Noise in channel	Gain
Capacitive coupling HBC
Static body behavior	Bandpass profile [31]	Non	Non	Non
	Influence by electrode [35]
	Better results in limbs [54]
	TX GND electrode strengthen signal [19]
Dynamic body behavior	Movement sensitive [54, 55]	Non	Non	Non
	Joint flexion cause gain variate in 2 dB [96]
Galvanic coupling HBC
Static body behavior	Higher gain in trunk and back [54]; High-pass profile [45]; High-pass profile [59]	Decrease [45]	Linear channel [59]	AWGN [41, 59, 92]
Dynamic body behavior	Not sensitive in sitting & waling [54]; Increase as joint flexion [56]; Joints and biceps muscle have a great effect [57]	Decrease trend [57]; Not sensitive by movement [57]	Non	AWGN [57]