Smart Behavioral Analytics over a Low-Cost IoT Wi-Fi Tracking Real Deployment

Table 1

Summary of the state of the art of people flow monitoring techniques which are not based on Wi-Fi tracking (P/A stands for Passive/Active).

Technology	Ref	Year	Scenario	Application	P/A	Own deployment
Video camera & Computer Vision	[13]	2015	Indoor; Outdoor	Crowd scene analysis	P	No
RF	[14–16]	2013; 2014; 2015	Indoor	Short range movements (1-10 m) with high accuracy (e.g., elderly care, baby care)	P	Yes
Cellular networks	[18]	2011	Indoor; Outdoor	Analyze people flow in a suburban area new NYC with accuracy around hundreds of meters	P	No
GPS	[19]	2015	Outdoor	Prevent critical situations in overcrowded scenarios (e.g., concerts)	A	No
Smartphone sensors; (e.g., accelerometer)	[20]	2018	Indoor	PDR. Track individual pedestrian	A	Depends
Bluetooth	[21]	2017	Indoor	Monitor people flow (comparing Wi-Fi with Bluetooth)	A	Yes