Niffler: A Context-Aware and User-Independent Side-Channel Attack System for Password Inference

Table 3

Comparison with previous works that exploited motion sensors in user-independent environment.

Source study	Accuracy
Niffler	65% (42.3%)
Owusu et al. [8]	40.9%
Mehrnezhad et al. [18]	30.2%
Mehrnezhad et al. [9]	34.8%
Ping et al. [33]	35.9%
Miluzzo et al. [26]	31.4%
Xu et al. [11]	29.6%