Research Article

Congestion-Optimal WiFi Offloading with User Mobility Management in Smart Communications

Algorithm 2

The proposed VCOWO.
1: Calculate parameters in equivalent WiFi network
2: Initialize: ,
3:  while    do
4:Calculate steady-state probability distribution under given
5:Calculate utility function
6:Update according to golden section method
7: end while
8: Set the optimal offload factor vector .