A Hybrid Predictive Strategy Carried through Simultaneously from Decision Space and Objective Space for Evolutionary Dynamic Multiobjective Optimization

Table 4

Mean and Standard Deviation of MHVD values of five strategies on F5-F10. The values in bold face denote having the best effect in these five strategies. and indicate that DOPS is significantly better than and is equivalent to the corresponding strategy, respectively.

Problems	Statistic	RIS	FPS	PMGA	PPS	DOPS
F5	Total	1.3849(0.01419)	0.4745(0.07067)	1.7364(0.01230)	0.4845(0.05354)	0.2923(0.01296)
	1st stage	1.5641(0.03251)	0.9525(0.29421)	1.8196(0.04988)	1.3391(0.21636)	0.4868(0.06892)
	2nd stage	1.3441(0.01687)	0.3951(0.05421)	1.7344(0.03510)	0.3148(0.04150)	0.2463(0.00293)
	3rd stage	1.3406(0.02808)	0.3269(0.04382)	1.6988(0.01811)	0.2483(0.00111)	0.2459(0.00219)
F6	Total	0.9995(0.01531)	0.3050(0.03246)	1.5555(0.00974)	0.3436(0.04867)	0.2483(0.00122)
	1st stage	1.3182(0.04079)	0.4923(0.14787)	1.7031(0.03430)	0.7177(0.22655)	0.3684(0.03515)
	2nd stage	0.9273(0.02093)	0.2646(0.02006)	1.5148(0.01269)	0.2626(0.01394)	0.2481(0.00091)
	3rd stage	0.9204(0.02104)	0.2565(0.00858)	1.5259(0.03027)	0.2468(0.00105)	0.2483(0.00122)
F7	Total	1.0988(0.01522)	0.4448(0.04393)	1.5220(0.02041)	0.3625(0.02877)	0.2654(0.00732)
	1st stage	1.3190(0.03876)	0.8952(0.17527)	1.7286(0.01664)	0.8413(0.14139)	0.3448(0.03924)
	2nd stage	1.0465(0.02740)	0.3599(0.05159)	1.4745(0.02450)	0.2509(0.00448)	0.2469(0.00117)
	3rd stage	1.0464(0.02178)	0.3157(0.04522)	1.4715(0.02634)	0.2467(0.00126)	0.2463(0.00204)
F8	Total	2.2789(0.02309)	0.3797(0.00916)	0.9777(0.02016)	0.3954(0.01577)	0.3783(0.00758)
	1st stage	2.1534(0.06297)	0.5431(0.04274)	1.0026(0.06811)	0.6076(0.07844)	0.4932(0.03185)
	2nd stage	2.3030(0.02905)	0.3413(0.00900)	0.9828(0.04316)	0.3504(0.00781)	0.3474(0.00564)
	3rd stage	2.3144(0.03879)	0.3405(0.00750)	0.9609(0.01666)	0.3397(0.00780)	0.3547(0.00668)
F9	Total	1.3930(0.01395)	0.6393(0.08717)	1.7018(0.01392)	0.6481(0.07278)	0.3643(0.00475)
	1st stage	1.5966(0.03298)	1.2334(0.16517)	1.9478(0.00387)	1.6530(0.26199)	0.7094(0.08916)
	2nd stage	1.3371(0.01545)	0.5259(0.10356)	1.7470(0.02775)	0.5175(0.10465)	0.2814(0.01612)
	3rd stage	1.3523(0.03077)	0.4705(0.12764)	1.5398(0.00912)	0.3014(0.02611)	0.2834(0.02490)
F10	Total	1.3534(0.01879)	0.8905(0.07059)	1.1394(0.02832)	0.7476(0.05592)	0.4360(0.04524)
	1st stage	1.5587(0.03333)	1.2692(0.11566)	1.7628(0.10585)	1.5369(0.09760)	0.7386(0.11058)
	2nd stage	1.3022(0.02225)	0.8541(0.09269)	1.0906(0.03339)	0.6028(0.09317)	0.3880(0.06687)
	3rd stage	1.3071(0.02902)	0.7471(0.10528)	0.8921(0.00826)	0.5175(0.07129)	0.3403(0.01635)