Source Localization of EM Waves in the Near-Field of Spherical Antenna Array in the Presence of Unknown Mutual Coupling

Algorithm 1

Proposed NF signal source localization procedure.

Requirement: observations, trained SAD model, and trained models for SH-SIDID/SH-SIDIR features mapped to range source.

(a) Spatial domain transformation to SH domain using

(b) Using SFT to perform interpolation on the sphere

(c) Perform near-field DoA estimation from

(d) Extract SI SH features using

(e) Extract SH-SIDID or SH-SIDIR features from

, or

the parameters are defined in Eqns. (20) and (23)

(f) Feed the normalized to the input of the trained CNN, which gives posterior probabilities

(g) SAD posterior probabilities implying the presence of signal are calculated.

(h) aggregation is conducted via SAD posterior probabilities and range is consequently estimated.

(i) Obtain the complete NF source localization with the range and DoA estimates.