Research Article

A New Hybrid Deep Learning Algorithm for Prediction of Wide Traffic Congestion in Smart Cities

Table 3

Computed convolutional neural network for input images.

Layer (type)Output shapeParam #

conv2d (Conv2D)(none, 32, 32, 32)896
activation (Activation)(none, 32, 32, 32)0
conv2d_1 (Conv2D)(none, 32, 32, 32)9248
dropout (Dropout)(none, 32, 32, 32)0
batch_normalization (BatchNo)(none, 32, 32, 32)128
conv2d_2 (Conv2D)(none, 32, 32, 64)18496
Activation_1 (Activation)(none, 32, 32, 64)0
max_pooling2d (MaxPooling2D)(none, 16, 16, 64)0
dropout_1(Dropout)(none, 16, 16, 64)0
batch_normalization_1 (BatchNo)(none, 16, 16, 64)256
conv2d_3 (Conv2D)(none, 16, 16, 64)36928
activation_2 (Activation)(none, 16, 16, 64)0
max_pooling2d_1 (MaxPooling2D)(none, 8, 8, 64)0
dropout_2 (Dropout)(none, 8, 8, 64)0
batch_normalization_2 (BatchNo)(none, 8, 8, 64)256
conv2d_4 (Conv2D)(none, 8, 8, 128)73856
activation_3 (Activation)(none, 8, 8, 128)0
dropout_3 (Dropout)(none, 8, 8, 128)0
batch_normalization_3 (BatchNo)(none, 8, 8, 128)512
flatten (Flatten)(none, 8192)0
dropout_4 (Dropout)(none, 8192)0
dense (Dense)(none, 256)2097408
activation_4 (Activation)(none, 256)0
dropout_5 (Dropout)(none, 256)0
batch_normalization_4 (BatchNo)(none, 256)1024
dense_1 (Dense)(none, 128)32896
activation_5 (Activation)(none, 128)0
dropout_6 (Dropout)(none, 128)0
batch_normalization_5 (BatchNo)(none, 128)512
dense_2 (Dense)(none, 10)1290
activation_6 (Activation)(none, 10)0