Standard Propagation Channel Models for MIMO Communication Systems
Table 2
The early COST action projects.
S/N.
COST model
Model description
1
COST 207 channel model
COST 207 is the earliest of the COST action projects [37]. This model proceeds from the Digital Land Mobile Radio communications project from September 1984 to September 1988. The project is aimed at supporting the Confederation of European Posts and Telecommunications (CEPT) GSM to coordinate research in propagation, modulation, and coding. The propagation activity themes focused on field strength prediction techniques, radio channel measurements, characterization, radio channel simulation, antenna, and manufactured noise. During the project, existing path loss prediction techniques were reviewed, and information from the terrain and land cover was carefully obtained to form a topographic database. The study also investigated the design of diversity antennas for base stations, vehicle-mounted, and handheld applications. The impact of the vehicle structure on the radiation characteristics of the antennas was analyzed. The study also specified the PDP for the environments classified as typical urban (TU), bad urban (BU), reduced TU, reduced BU, rural area (RA), and hilly terrain (HT). It is worthy of note that the COST 207 project prepared a foundational framework for developing the COST 231 model.
2
COST 231 Hata model
The COST 231 Hata model is based on a proposal for extending the popular Okumura-Hata model to the 1500-2000 MHz band, specifically for propagation environments where the Okumura-Hata model underestimates the path loss. The specifications of the model can be found in several reports [35, 139–144].
3
COST 231 Walfisch-Ikegami model
Interestingly, the COST 231 Walfisch-Ikegami model classified the propagation link by distinguishing between LoS and NLoS suited for microcellular cells. The operating frequency span 800 MHz to 2000 MHz and a receiver-transmitter separation distance of 0.02-5 km. Details of the LoS and NLoS scenarios and other useful parameters of the model are given in [34, 145–147].
