[Retracted] Application of Optical Fiber Sensing Technology in Permeability Test of Three-Dimensional Physical Model of Medium and Long-Distance Diversion Tunnel

Table 2

Statistics of tunnel monitoring items and monitoring instruments.

Monitoring category	Monitoring items	Monitoring instrument	Number of instruments/piece
Deformation monitoring	Monitoring of surrounding rock deformation and opening and closing of joints and cracks	Multipoint displacement meter (M); Embedded joint meter (J); Surface joint meter (J)	3; 2; 4
Seepage monitoring	Osmotic pressure monitoring	Osmometer (P)	2
Stress-strain monitoring	Stress and strain monitoring of tunnel surrounding rock and supporting lining structure	Earth pressure gauge (E); Strain gauge (S); Stress free gauge (N); Reinforcement meter (R)	3; 4; 1; 8
Total			27