Cement Types, Composition, Uses and Advantages of Nanocement, Environmental Impact on Cement Production, and Possible Solutions

Table 1

Approximate composition of the cement clinker.

Compound	Formula	Notation	wt.%
Celite (tricalcium aluminate)	Ca3Al2O6; [3CaO·Al2O3]	C3A	10
Brownmillerite (tetracalcium aluminoferrite)	Ca4Al2Fe2O10; [4CaO·Al2O3·Fe2O3]	C4AF	8
Belite (dicalcium silicate)	Ca2SiO4; [2CaO·SiO2]	C2S	20
Alite (tricalcium silicate)	Ca3SiO5; [3CaO·SiO2]	C3S	55
Sodium oxide	Na2O	N	≤2
Potassium oxide	K2O	K
Gypsum (calcium sulphate dihydrate)	CaSO4·2H2O; [CaO·SO3·2H2O]	CSH2	5

Adapted from [2]; http://www.engr.psu.edu/ce/courses/ce584/concrete/library/construction/curing/Composition%20of%20cement.htm.