Study on Control of Wall Deflection in Earth Stepped-Twin Retaining Wall Using Anchor Method by means of Numerical Simulation

Table 1

Physical and mechanical properties of joint element.

	Normal stiffness, kn (MPa/m)	Shear stiffness, ks (MPa/m)	Internal friction angle, φ (°)	Cohesion, c (MPa)
Joint element	5,000	10	0	0.15