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| BIM implementation strategy factors for employer-caused delay factors | References to previous studies (year) |
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| Implementation of BIM by the employer to avoid design clashes | Latiffi et al. [37], Khoshnava et al. [32], Tahir et al. [48], Alenazi and Adamu [58], Crowther and Ajayi [131], Charehzehi et al. [57], and Jununkar et al. [132] |
| Implementation of BIM by the employer for early warning of delay through earned value analysis and connection of BIM to schedule | Sun et al. [133], Latiffi et al. [36], and Jununkar et al. [132] |
| Implementation of BIM by the employer for construction planning and management | Khoshnava et al. [32] and Tahir et al. [48] |
| Implementation of BIM by the employer to monitor the impact of changes on project progress | — |
| Implementation of BIM by the employer to reduce claims by utilizing a combination of responsibility matrix of claim causes and a five-dimensional BIM model for visualizing and foreseeing project areas having claims or even potential of claims | Marzouk and Abdelaty [19] |
| Implementation of BIM by the employer for schedule visualization | Khoshnava et al. [32] and Tahir et al. [48] |
| Implementation of BIM to support proper decision-making for any anticipated changes | |
| Implementation of BIM by the employer to reduce project duration through various simulated proposals | Alenazi and Adamu [58] |
| Implementation of BIM by the employer to use algorithmic procedures to learn from previous problems and proactively identify same/similar problems later on in the project | Crowther and Ajayi [131] |
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