Higher-order composite fermion states are correlated with many quasiparticles. The energy calculations are very complicated. We develop the theory of Tao and Thouless to explain them. The total Hamiltonian is <svg style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:71.762497px;" id="M1" height="14.6" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 71.762497 14.6" width="71.762497"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)">
		<g transform="translate(72,-60.32)">
			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">(</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0">𝐻</tspan>
			</text>

			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.87,60.37)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">𝐷</tspan>
			</text>

			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-46.55,63.5)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">+</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0">𝐻</tspan>
			</text>

			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-24.29,60.37)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">𝐼</tspan>
			</text>

			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-18.8,63.5)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">)</tspan>
			</text>

		</g>
	</g>
</svg>, where <svg style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:23.200001px;" id="M2" height="14.2375" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 23.200001 14.2375" width="23.200001"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)">
		<g transform="translate(72,-60.61)">
			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝐻</tspan>
			</text>

			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.03,60.66)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">𝐷</tspan>
			</text>

		</g>
	</g>
</svg> includes Landau energies and classical Coulomb energies. We find the most uniform electron configuration in Landau states which has the minimum energy of <svg style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:23.200001px;" id="M3" height="14.2375" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 23.200001 14.2375" width="23.200001"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)">
		<g transform="translate(72,-60.61)">
			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝐻</tspan>
			</text>

			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.03,60.66)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">𝐷</tspan>
			</text>

		</g>
	</g>
</svg>. At <svg style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:105.775px;" id="M4" height="13.6125" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 105.775 13.6125" width="105.775"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6125)">
		<g transform="translate(72,-61.11)">
			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝜈</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7398367" y="0">=</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.780226" y="0">(</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.943726" y="0">2</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.195225" y="0">𝑗</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.834557" y="0">−</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.174778" y="0">1</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.426277" y="0">)</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="61.589779" y="0">/</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.065613" y="0">(</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.229111" y="0">2</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="75.493111" y="0">𝑗</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="80.356781" y="0">)</tspan>
			</text>

		</g>
	</g>
</svg>, all the nearest electron pairs are forbidden to transfer to any empty states because of momentum conservation. Therefore, perturbation energies of the nearest electron pairs are zero in all order of perturbation. At <svg style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:87.550003px;" id="M5" height="13.6125" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 87.550003 13.6125" width="87.550003"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6125)">
		<g transform="translate(72,-61.11)">
			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝜈</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7398367" y="0">=</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.780226" y="0">𝑗</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.643892" y="0">/</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.119726" y="0">(</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.283226" y="0">2</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.534725" y="0">𝑗</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.174061" y="0">−</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.514278" y="0">1</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.765778" y="0">)</tspan>
			</text>

		</g>
	</g>
</svg>, <svg style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:60.3125px;" id="M6" height="13.6125" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 60.3125 13.6125" width="60.3125"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6125)">
		<g transform="translate(72,-61.11)">
			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝑗</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.863667" y="0">/</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3395014" y="0">(</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.503" y="0">2</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.754499" y="0">𝑗</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.393833" y="0">+</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.734055" y="0">1</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.985554" y="0">)</tspan>
			</text>

		</g>
	</g>
</svg>, all the nearest electron (or hole) pairs can transfer to all hole (or electron) states. At <svg style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:55.150002px;" id="M7" height="10.9125" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 55.150002 10.9125" width="55.150002"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)">
		<g transform="translate(72,-63.27)">
			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝜈</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7398367" y="0">=</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.780226" y="0">4</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.031727" y="0">/</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.507561" y="0">1</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.75906" y="0">1</tspan>
			</text>

		</g>
	</g>
</svg>, <svg style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:27.9125px;" id="M8" height="10.9125" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 27.9125 10.9125" width="27.9125"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)">
		<g transform="translate(72,-63.27)">
			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">4</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0">/</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.727334" y="0">1</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.978834" y="0">3</tspan>
			</text>

		</g>
	</g>
</svg>, <svg style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:27.9125px;" id="M9" height="11.1" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 27.9125 11.1" width="27.9125"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.1)">
		<g transform="translate(72,-63.12)">
			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">5</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0">/</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.727334" y="0">1</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.978834" y="0">3</tspan>
			</text>

		</g>
	</g>
</svg>, <svg style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:27.9125px;" id="M10" height="11.1" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 27.9125 11.1" width="27.9125"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.1)">
		<g transform="translate(72,-63.12)">
			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">5</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0">/</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.727334" y="0">1</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.978834" y="0">7</tspan>
			</text>

		</g>
	</g>
</svg>, <svg style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:27.9125px;" id="M11" height="11.0375" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 27.9125 11.0375" width="27.9125"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0375)">
		<g transform="translate(72,-63.17)">
			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.4)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">6</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0">/</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.727334" y="0">1</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.978834" y="0">7</tspan>
			</text>

		</g>
	</g>
</svg>, only the specific nearest hole pairs can transfer to all electron states. For example, the nearest-hole-pair energy at <svg style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:55.150002px;" id="M12" height="10.9125" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 55.150002 10.9125" width="55.150002"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)">
		<g transform="translate(72,-63.27)">
			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝜈</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7398367" y="0">=</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.780226" y="0">4</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.031727" y="0">/</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.507561" y="0">1</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.75906" y="0">1</tspan>
			</text>

		</g>
	</g>
</svg> is lower than the limiting energies from both sides (the left side <svg style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:140.64999px;" id="M13" height="13.45" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 140.64999 13.45" width="140.64999"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)">
		<g transform="translate(72,-61.24)">
			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝜈</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7398367" y="0">=</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.780226" y="0">(</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.943726" y="0">4</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.195225" y="0">𝑠</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.47221" y="0">+</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.812431" y="0">1</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.063931" y="0">)</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.227432" y="0">/</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.703262" y="0">(</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.86676" y="0">1</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.130768" y="0">1</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="82.382271" y="0">𝑠</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="90.659256" y="0">+</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="101.99947" y="0">3</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="108.25098" y="0">)</tspan>
			</text>

		</g>
	</g>
</svg> and the right side <svg style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:140.64999px;" id="M14" height="13.45" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 140.64999 13.45" width="140.64999"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)">
		<g transform="translate(72,-61.24)">
			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝜈</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7398367" y="0">=</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.780226" y="0">(</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.943726" y="0">4</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.195225" y="0">𝑠</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.47221" y="0">−</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.812431" y="0">1</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.063931" y="0">)</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.227432" y="0">/</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.703262" y="0">(</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.86676" y="0">1</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.130768" y="0">1</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="82.382271" y="0">𝑠</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="90.659256" y="0">−</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="101.99947" y="0">3</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="108.25098" y="0">)</tspan>
			</text>

		</g>
	</g>
</svg> for infinitely large <svg style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7px;" id="M15" height="7.1875" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 7 7.1875" width="7"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)">
		<g transform="translate(72,-66.25)">
			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝑠</tspan>
			</text>

		</g>
	</g>
</svg>). Thus, the nearest-hole-pair energy at specific <svg style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:7.9749999px;" id="M16" height="7.2375002" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 7.9749999 7.2375002" width="7.9749999"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.2375)">
		<g transform="translate(72,-66.21)">
			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.37)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝜈</tspan>
			</text>

		</g>
	</g>
</svg> is different from the limiting values from both sides. The property yields energy gap for the specific <svg style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:7.9749999px;" id="M17" height="7.2375002" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 7.9749999 7.2375002" width="7.9749999"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.2375)">
		<g transform="translate(72,-66.21)">
			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.37)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝜈</tspan>
			</text>

		</g>
	</g>
</svg>. Also gapless structure appears at other filling factors (e.g., at <svg style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:47.337502px;" id="M18" height="10.9125" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 47.337502 10.9125" width="47.337502"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)">
		<g transform="translate(72,-63.27)">
			<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝜈</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7398367" y="0">=</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.780226" y="0">1</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.031727" y="0">/</tspan>
				<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.507561" y="0">2</tspan>
			</text>

		</g>
	</g>
</svg>).

Shosuke Sasaki

Gap Structure and Gapless Structure in Fractional Quantum Hall Effect

The primary aims of this review article are (a) to develop the fundamental understanding of ME behavior in perovskite piezoelectric-spinel magnetostrictive composite systems, (b) to identify the role of composition, microstructural variables, phase transformations, composite geometry, and postsintering heat treatment on ME coefficient, and (c) to synthesize, characterize, and utilize the high ME coefficient composite. The desired range of ME coefficient in the sintered composite is 0.5–1 V/cm⋅Oe. The studies showed that the soft piezoelectric phase quantified by smaller elastic modulus, large grain size of piezoelectric phase (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mo>~</mml:mo></mml:math>1 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>μ</mml:mi></mml:math>m), and layered structures yields higher magnitude of ME coefficient. It is also found that postsintering thermal treatment such as annealing and aging alters the magnitude of magnetization providing an increase in the magnitude of ME coefficient. A trilayer composite was synthesized using pressure-assisted sintering with soft phase [0.9 PZT–0.1 PZN] having grain size larger than 1 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>μ</mml:mi></mml:math>m and soft ferromagnetic phase of composition Ni<sub>0.8</sub>Cu<sub>0.2</sub>Zn<sub>0.2</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> [NCZF]. The composite showed a high ME coefficient of 412 and 494 mV/cm⋅Oe after sintering and annealing, respectively. Optimized ferrite to PZT thickness ratio was found to be 5.33, providing ME coefficient of 525 mV/cm⋅Oe. The ME coefficient exhibited orientation dependence with respect to applied magnetic field. Multilayering the PZT layer increased the magnitude of ME coefficient to 782 mV/cm⋅Oe. Piezoelectric grain texturing and nanoparticulate assembly techniques were incorporated with the layered geometry. It was found that with moderate texturing, <i>d</i><sub>33</sub> and ME coefficient reached up to 325 pC/N and 878 mV/cm⋅Oe, respectively. Nanoparticulate core shell assembly shows the promise for achieving large ME coefficient in the sintered composites. A systematic relationship between composition, microstructure, geometry, and properties is presented which will lead to development of high-performance magnetoelectric materials.

Rashed Adnan Islam

Shashank Priya

Progress in Dual (Piezoelectric-Magnetostrictive) Phase Magnetoelectric Sintered Composites

We consider a magnetoelectric laminate which comprises two magnetostrictive (Ni) layers and an in-between piezoelectric layer (PZT). Using the finite-element method-based software COMSOL, we numerically calculate the induced voltage between the two faces of the PZT piezoelectric layer, by an external homogeneous small-signal magnetic field threading the three-layer Ni/PZT/Ni laminate structure. A bias magnetic field is simulated as being produced by two permanent magnets, as it is done in real experimental setups. For approaching the real materials’ properties, a measured magnetization curve of the Ni plate is used in the computations. The reported results take into account the finite-size effects of the structure, such as the fringing electric field effect and the demagnetization, as well as the effect of the finite conductivity of the Ni layers on the output voltage. The results of the simulations are compared with the experimental data and with a widely known analytical result for the induced magnetoelectric voltage.

B. Zadov

A. Elmalem

E. Paperno

I. Gluzman

A. Nudelman

D. Levron

A. Grosz

S. Lineykin

E. Liverts

Modeling of Small DC Magnetic Field Response in Trilayer Magnetoelectric Laminate Composites

Geometrically frustrated conducting magnets display extraordinarily large anomalous Hall effects (AHEs) that could be used to realise materials required for the emerging field of spintronics. While the intrinsic Berry phase developed in collinear ferromagnets is well explained through the effects of spin-orbit interactions within the Karplus and Luttinger model, its origins in frustrated magnets are not. The direct
space mechanism based on spin chirality that was originally applied to the pyrochlore Nd<sub>2</sub>Mo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> appears unsatisfactory. Recently, an orbital description based on the Aharonov-Bohm effect has been proposed and applied to both the ferromagnetic pyrochlores Nd<sub>2</sub>Mo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> and Pr<sub>2</sub>Ir<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>; the first of which features long-ranged magnetic order while the latter is a chiral spin liquid. Two further examples of geometrically frustrated conducting magnets are presented in this paper&#8212;the kagome-like Fe<sub>3</sub>Sn<sub>2</sub> and the triangular PdCrO<sub>2</sub>. These possess very different electronic structures to the 3-dimensional heavy-metal pyrochlores and provide new opportunities to explore the different origins of the AHE. This paper summarises the experimental findings in these materials in an attempt to unite the conflicting theoretical arguments.

D. Boldrin

A. S. Wills

Anomalous Hall Effect in Geometrically Frustrated Magnets

<i>c</i>-axis preferential orientated ZnO:Co thin films were synthesized on <i>c</i>-plane sapphire substrates by using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique in an oxygen-deficient ambient. X-ray diffraction spectra, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, UV-vis transmittance spectra, and Raman spectra were used for characterization. Ferromagnetic behavior was clearly observed at room temperature and verified to be the intrinsic property of the material. The presence of second phase was ruled out.

C. C. Wang

B. Y. Man

M. Liu

C. S. Chen

S. Z. Jiang

S. Y. Yang

S. C. Xu

X. G. Gao

B. Hu

The Intrinsic Room-Temperature Ferromagnetism in ZnO:Co Thin Films Deposited by PLD

Tunable microwave magnetoelectric devices based on layered ferrite-ferroelectric structures are described. The theory and experiment for attenuator, band-pass filter and phase shifter are presented. Tunability of the ME devices characteristics can be executed by application of an electric field. This electric tuning is relatively fast and is not power-consuming. The attenuator insertion losses vary from 26&#x2009;dB to 2&#x2009;dB at frequency 7251&#x2009;MHz. The tuning range of 25&#x2009;MHz of band-pass filter at frequency 7360&#x2009;MHz was obtained. A maximum phase shift of 30&#x2013;40 degree at the frequency region 6&#x2013;9 GHz was obtained.

A. S. Tatarenko

M. I. Bichurin

Microwave Magnetoelectric Devices

The paper dwells on the theoretical modeling of magnetoelectric (ME) effect in layered and bulk composites based on magnetostrictive and piezoelectric materials. Our analysis rests on the simultaneous solution of elastodynamic or elastostatic and electro/magnetostatic equations. The expressions for ME coefficients as the functions of material parameters and volume fractions of components are obtained. Longitudinal, transverse, and in-plane cases are considered. The use of the offered model has allowed to present the ME effect in ferrite cobalt-barium titanate, ferrite cobalt-PZT, ferrite nickel-PZT, and lanthanum strontium manganite-PZT composites adequately.

V. M. Petrov

Modeling of Magnetoelectric Interaction in Magnetostrictive-Piezoelectric Composites

The current percolation has been considered in the medium with boundaries under quantum Hall effect conditions. It has been shown that in that case the effective Hall conductivity has a nonzero value due to percolation of the Hall current through the finite number of singular points (in our model these are corners at the phase joints).

M. U. Malakeeva

V. E. Arkhincheev

Current Percolation in Medium with Boundaries under Quantum Hall Effect Conditions

Here we review the current status of magnetoelectric (ME) multiferroics and ME composite thin/thick films. The magnitude of ME coupling in the composite systems is dependent upon the elastic coupling occurring at the interface of piezoelectric and magnetostrictive phases. The multiferroic ME films in comparison with bulk ME composites have some unique advantages and show higher magnitude of ME response. In ME composite films, thickness of the films is one of the important factors to have enough signal. However, most of all reported ME nanocomposite structured films in literature are limited in overall thickness which might be related to interface strain resulting from difference in thermal expansion mismatch between individual phases and the substrate. We introduced noble ME composite film fabrication technique, aerosol deposition (AD) to overcome these problems. The success in AD fabrication and characterization of ME composite films with various microstructure such as 3-2, 2-2 connectivity are discussed.

Rahul C. Kambale

Dae-Yong Jeong

Jungho Ryu

Current Status of Magnetoelectric Composite Thin/Thick Films

Nonlinear equations describing one-dimensional non-Heisenberg ferromagnetic model are studied by the use of
generalized coherent states in a real parameterization. Also, dissipative spin wave equation for dipole and quadruple branches
is obtained if there is a small linear excitation from the ground state.

Khikmat Muminov

Yousef Yousefi

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<p><em>Advances in Condensed Matter Physics</em> publishes research on the experimental and theoretical study of the physics of materials in solid, liquid, amorphous, and exotic states.</p>


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<p>Chief Editor, Professor Ulloa, is based at Ohio University and is a condensed matter theorist. His research is focussed on the electronic properties of nanostructures including quantum dots and nanowires, as well as proximity effects in 2D crystals.</p>


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Advances in Condensed Matter Physics