Malaria, Typhoid Fever, and Their Coinfection among Febrile Patients at a Rural Health Center in Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Table 4

Prevalence of malaria and typhoid fever infection in relation to clinical features in febrile patients at Ayinba Health Center, Northwest Ethiopia, from April to May 2013.

Clinical features	Malaria				Typhoid fever				Coinfection
	Positive (%)	Negative (%)		value	Reactive (%)	Nonreactive (%)		value	Positive (%)	Negative (%)		value
Fever
Continuous	27 (34.2)	52 (65.8)	0.30	0.58	15 (19)	64 (81)	0.00	0.99	4 (5.1)	75 (94.9)	0.44	0.5
Intermittent	46 (38.0)	75 (62.0)			23 (19)	98 (81)			9 (7.4)	112 (92.6
Headache
Yes	66 (36.1)	117 (63.9)	0.18	0.68	34 (18.6)	149 (81.4)	0.24	0.62	10 (5.4)	174 (94.6)	4.29	0.06
No	7 (41.2)	10 (58.8)			4 (23.5)	13 (76.5)			3 (16.7)	13 (83.3)
Joint pain
Yes	55 (36.2)	97 (63.8)	0.03	0.87	28 (18.4)	124 (81.6)	0.14	0.71	8 (5.3)	144 (94.5)	1.59	0.44
No	18 (37.5)	30 (65.5)			10 (20.8)	38 (79.2)			5 (10.4)	43 (89.6)
Vomiting
Yes	33 (38.8)	52 (61.2)	0.34	0.56	13 (15.3)	72 (84.7)	1.32	0.25	4 (4.7)	81 (95.3)	0.78	0.38
No	40 (34.8)	75 (65.2)			25 (21.7)	90 (78.3)			9 (7.8)	106 (92.2)
Chill/rigor
Yes	63 (38.0)	103 (62.0)	0.89	0.35	29 (17.5)	137 (82.5)	1.48	0.22	10 (6.0)	156 (94.0)	0.36	0.55
No	10 (29.4)	24 (70.6)			9 (26.5)	25 (73.5)			3 (8.8)	31 (91.2)
Fatigue
Yes	70 (38.5)	112 (61.5)	3.36	0.07	33 (18.1)	149 (81.9)	0.99	0.32	12 (6.6)	170 (93.4)	0.03	0.86
No	3 (16.7)	15 (83.3)			5 (27.8)	13 (72.2)			1 (5.6)	17 (94.4)
Nausea
Yes	49 (36.6)	85 (63.4)	0.00	0.98	29 (21.6)	105 (78.4)	1.84	0.18	9 (6.7)	125 (93.3)	0.03	0.86
No	24 (36.4)	42 (63.6)			9 (13.6)	57 (86.4)			4 (6.1)	62 (93.9)
Diarrhea
Yes	27 (37.0)	46 (63.0)	0.01	0.91	19 (25.7)	55 (74.3)	3.40	0.06	6 (8.2)	67 (91.8)	0.56	0.45
No	46 (36.2)	81 (63.8)			19 (15.1)	107 (84.9)			7 (5.5)	120 (94.5)
Constipation
Yes	14 (40)	21 (60)	0.05	0.83	6 (17.1)	29 (82.9)	0.49	0.82	4 (11.8)	30 (88.2)	1.87	0.17
No	59 (35.8)	106 (64.2)			32 (19.4)	133 (80.6)			9 (5.4)	157 (94.6)

: number; : Chi square.