Nanosericite as an Innovative Microparticle in Dual-Chemical Paper Retention Systems

Table 1

Codes for the dual-chemical combinations and their respective dosing factors.

	c-PAMa (100 ppm)
	−1	0	1
Sc
−1	A1Sc1: 1/20	A2Sc1: 2/20	A3Sc1: 3/20
0	A1Sc2: 1/30	A2Sc2: 2/30	A3Sc2: 3/30
1	A1Sc3: 1/40	A2Sc3: 2/40	A3Sc3: 3/40
NS
−1	A1NS1: 1/30	A2NS1: 2/30	A3NS1: 3/30
0	A1NS2: 1/45	A2NS2: 2/45	A3NS2: 3/45
1	A1NS3: 1/60	A2NS3: 2/60	A3NS3: 3/60
	c-PAMb (100 ppm)
	−1	0	1
gp
−1	B1gp1: 1/1	B2gp1: 2/1	B3gp1: 3/1
0	B1gp2: 1/2	B2gp2: 2/2	B3gp2: 3/2
1	B1gp3: 1/3	B2gp3: 2/3	B3gp3: 3/3
NS
−1	B1NS1: 1/4	B2NS1: 2/4	B3NS1: 3/4
0	B1NS2: 1/8	B2NS2: 2/8	B3NS2: 3/8
1	B1NS3: 1/12	B2NS3: 2/12	B3NS3: 3/12

A = c-PAMa, B = c-PAMb; 1 = lower, 2 = middle, and 3 = higher level of 2² factorial design. Ex: A1Sc1: 1/20 means both c-PAMa and Sc under lower level and the concentrations are 100 ppm and 2,000 ppm, respectively.