A Review on the Use of Agriculture Waste Material as Lightweight Aggregate for Reinforced Concrete Structural Members

Table 1

Mix design for LWC in reinforced concrete member.

Mix design	Mix proportion	Remarks
	Cement : sand : LWA : water
OPS concrete
Teo et al. [5]; Teo et al. [16]; Teo et al. [17]	1 : 1.66 : 0.60 : 0.38	Cement content fixed at 510 kg/m^3
Alengaram et al. [6]	1 : 1.20 : 0.80 : 0.40	Cement content fixed at 480 kg/m^3; 5% fly ash added; 10% silica fume added; 1.0% superplasticizer added
Alengaram et al. [10]	1 : 1.20 : 0.80 : 0.40	Cement content fixed at 500 kg/m^3; 5% fly ash added; 10% silica fume added; 1.0% superplasticizer added
Jumaat et al. [9]	1 : 1.20 : 0.80 : 0.40	Cement content fixed at 420 kg/m^3; 6.7 kg/m^3 foam content used; 5% fly ash added; 10% silica fume added; 0.5% superplasticizer added
Ahmed and Sobuz [7]	1 : 1.71 : 0.39 : 0.41; 1 : 1.65 : 0.25 : 0.45; 1 : 1.65 : 0.37 : 0.45	50% OPS + 50% granite; 10% OPS + 90% granite; 15% OPS + 85% granite
Muda et al. [8]	1 : 1.5 : 0.45 : 0.40	5% silica fume added; 2.0% superplasticizer added
POC concrete
Omar and Mohamed [21]	1 : 0.95 : 1.26 : 0.40	Cement content fixed at 512 kg/m^3
Mohammed et al. [22]; Hussein et al. [20]	1 : 1.48 : 0.69 : 0.44	Cement content fixed at 500 kg/m^3
Mohammed et al. [12]	1 : 0.95 : 0.31 : 0.20; 1 : 0.95 : 0.31 : 0.40; 1 : 0.95 : 0.31 : 0.60	—
CS concrete
Gunasekaran et al. [2]; Gunasekaran et al. [13]; Gunasekaran et al. [23]	1 : 1.47 : 0.65 : 0.42	Cement content fixed at 510 kg/m^3