Characteristics of Nanophase WC and WC-3 wt% (Ni, Co, and Fe) Alloys Using a Rapid Sintering Process for the Application of Friction Stir Processing Tools

Table 1

Mechanical properties of sintered hard materials.

Sintered material; (wt%)	Relative density (%)	Vickers hardness; ()	Fracture toughness (MPa⋅m^1/2)	Grain size (m)	Reference
WC	99.5	2,730	6.3	0.41	This study
WC-3 Fe	98.8	2,242	6.8	0.26
WC-3 Ni	99.6	2,240	9.1	0.30
WC-3 Co	98.9	2,269	7.4	0.27
WC	99	2,660	7.2	0.1	[14]
WC-2.9 Co	98.3	2,014	6.5	0.94	[19]
WC-6 Co	100	1,816	15.1	0.3	[20]
WC-10 Co	98.9	1,333	13.5	1.9	[21]
WC-10 Co	99.5	1,756	11.6	0.38	[22]
WC-10 Fe	99.7	1,814	10.4	0.45	[23]
WC-9.6 Ni-0.4 Co	99.5	1,180	12.5	1.8	[24]