An Improved Numerical Model of Shield Tunnel with Double Lining and Its Applications

Table 4

Comparison on extreme internal forces between numerical and test results.

Subject	Model I		Mode II		The improved model		Similarity model test
	Maximum value	Minimum value	Maximum value	Minimum value	Maximum value	Minimum value	Maximum value	Minimum value
Bending moment (kN·m)
Segment lining	585.65	−639.55	603.44	−636.72	627.35	−641.52	663.74	−635.67
Secondary lining	163.47	−144.32	195.42	−192.54	178.48	−162.88	188.54	−148.87
Axial force (MN)
Segment lining	−10.98	−4.65	−12.03	−5.97	−11.67	−4.75	−10.28	−5.24
Secondary lining	−2.89	−1.45	−2.32	−0.92	−2.78	−1.22	−2.44	−1.07