Analysis of the Relationship between Density and Mechanical Strength of Lightened Gypsums: Proposal for a Coefficient of Lightening

Table 1

Results obtained in previous works on lightened gypsums by various methods.

Procedure used to lighten	Compound	(g/cm^3)	Flex. s (MPa)	Comp. s (MPa)
Adding lightweight aggregates [4, 7, 16]	E0.8 + Ar 40%	0.96	2.82	:
	E0.8 + Ar 50%	0.93	2.93	:
	E0.8 + Ar 60%	0.92	2.26	:
	E0.8 + EPS 3% (pearls of EPS)	0.50	1.00	1.70
	E0.8 + 10% perlite	0.76	2.23	4.50
	E0.8 + 20% perlite	0.78	2.25	5.40
	E0.8 + 20% vermiculite	0.82	2.45	3.78
	E0.8 + 20% VC waste	0.79	2.31	3.05
Increasing w/g ratio [4, 7, 16]	E1.0	0.82	2.20	4.53
	E2.0	0.48	0.58	0.76
Adding lightweight aggregate waste + increasing w/g ratio [21]	YG0.9 + 4% EPS waste	0.42	0.55	0.41
	YG1.0 + 4% EPS waste	0.41	0.45	0.43
	YG1.1 + 4% EPS waste	0.52	0.58	0.71
	YG1.5 + 5% EPS waste	0.32	:	0.31
	YG1.6 + 5% EPS waste	0.31	:	0.26
	YG1.8 + 5% EPS waste	0.29	:	0.26
Adding aerating and foaming [4, 7, 16]	E + 0.5% aerating SKG	0.95	:	:
	E + 3% foaming base resin	0.88	2.70	2.75
	E + 2% protein based foaming	0.59	:	:
Adding EPS+XPS waste [19, 20]	E0.8	0.99	3.98	8.34
	E0.8 + 1% EPS	0.82	2.64	4.04
	E0.8 + 1% XPS	0.94	2.73	4.50
	E0.8 + 2% EPS	0.71	2.05	2.74
	E0.8 + 2% XPS	0.88	2.88	5.59
	E0.8 + 1% EPS/XPS	0.74	2.28	3.09
	E0.8 + 1.5% EPS + 0.5% XPS	0.67	2.01	2.89
	E0.8 + 0.5% EPS + 1.5% XPS	0.78	2.64	4.39
	E0.8 + 2.0% EPS + 0.5% XPS	0.76	2.35	3.73
	E0.8 + 1.0% EPS + 1.5% XPS	0.77	2.32	4.57
	E0.8 + 1.0% EPS + 2.0% XPS	0.84	2.81	5.45
	E0.8 + 2.0% EPS + 1.0% XPS	0.74	2.36	3.81
	E0.8 + 2.0% EPS + 2.0% XPS	0.71	2.08	3.56
	YG0.8	0.99	3.26	5.79
	YG0.8 + 1% EPS	0.82	2.25	2.96
	YG0.8 + 1% XPS	0.97	2.00	3.04
	YG0.8 + 2% EPS	0.64	1.24	1.46
	YG0.8 + 2% XPS	0.90	2.05	3.01
	E0.8 + 1% EPS/XPS	0.73	1.85	2.44
	YG0.8 + 1.5% EPS + 0.5% XPS	0.67	1.47	1.94
	YG0.8 + 0.5% EPS + 1.5% XPS	0.90	2.27	3.39
	YG0.8 + 2.0% EPS + 0.5% XPS	0.71	1.59	2.66
	YG0.8 + 1.0% EPS + 1.5% XPS	0.81	1.93	2.97
	YG0.8 + 1.0% EPS + 2.0% XPS	0.76	1.59	2.30
	YG0.8 + 2.0% EPS + 1.0% XPS	0.58	0.99	1.05
	YG0.8 + 2.0% EPS + 2.0% XPS	0.60	0.95	1.07
	YG0.8 + 3% EPS	0.56	0.95	1.14
	YG0.8 + 3.5% EPS	0.60	1.23	1.58
	YG0.8 + 4% EPS	0.49	0.82	0.89
	YG0.8 + 4.5% EPS	0.50	0.94	0.87
	YG0.8 + 5% EPS	0.48	0.89	0.78

: denotes no available data; Ar denotes expanded clay; VC denotes cellular glass; XPS denotes extruded polystyrene; EPS denotes expanded polystyrene; E denotes plaster (plaster type A); YG denotes coarse gypsum (plaster type B1).