Quantitative Analysis of Apatite Formation on Titanium and Zirconia in a Simulated Body Fluid Solution Using the Quartz Crystal Microbalance Method

<div>Estimated amounts of apatite formation on Ti and <svg height="11.9479pt" id="M68" style="vertical-align:-3.181499pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.7664 27.6856 11.9479" width="27.6856pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M561 176C543 127 527 95 506 73C478 43 441 36 316 36C247 36 185 38 153 42C290 245 427 439 566 636L559 650H160C130 650 119 652 107 675H83C81 630 76 555 71 492L100 491C112 535 123 560 135 578C152 605 168 614 276 614H449C310 411 169 213 29 15L37 0H554C565 41 583 134 590 170L561 176Z" id="g121-88"></path><glyph.data ascent="989" descent="-360" horiz-adv-x="603" vert-adv-y="603"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,8.022,0)"><path d="M181 342V451C133 431 89 419 40 411V388C98 381 102 377 102 311V104C102 38 95 32 33 26V0H263V26C186 32 181 38 181 104V287C203 343 235 372 261 372C277 372 289 366 304 352C310 346 318 345 330 350C349 359 362 379 362 399C362 422 338 449 304 449C256 449 213 393 183 342H181Z" id="g121-112"></path><glyph.data ascent="989" descent="-360" horiz-adv-x="371" vert-adv-y="371"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,12.845,0)"><path d="M381 665C170 665 44 498 44 318C44 125 188 -15 369 -15C552 -15 703 117 703 333C703 534 550 665 381 665ZM359 629C491 629 601 517 601 306C601 114 502 21 390 21C249 21 146 158 146 346S248 629 359 629Z" id="g121-77"></path><glyph.data ascent="989" descent="-360" horiz-adv-x="747" vert-adv-y="747"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,22.64,3.132)"><path d="M414 144C384 79 371 75 317 75H135L276 221C367 316 408 376 408 465C408 570 327 635 237 635C179 635 131 609 100 575L42 494L67 471C94 510 138 565 205 565C277 565 321 517 321 435C321 348 258 270 195 195C146 137 88 81 33 26V0H411C423 44 433 88 446 135L414 144Z" id="g50-51"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="487" vert-adv-y="487"></glyph.data></g></svg> 24 hours after SBF injection. No significant difference between Ti and <svg height="11.9479pt" id="M69" style="vertical-align:-3.181499pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.7664 27.6856 11.9479" width="27.6856pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M561 176C543 127 527 95 506 73C478 43 441 36 316 36C247 36 185 38 153 42C290 245 427 439 566 636L559 650H160C130 650 119 652 107 675H83C81 630 76 555 71 492L100 491C112 535 123 560 135 578C152 605 168 614 276 614H449C310 411 169 213 29 15L37 0H554C565 41 583 134 590 170L561 176Z" id="g121-88"></path><glyph.data ascent="989" descent="-360" horiz-adv-x="603" vert-adv-y="603"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,8.022,0)"><path d="M181 342V451C133 431 89 419 40 411V388C98 381 102 377 102 311V104C102 38 95 32 33 26V0H263V26C186 32 181 38 181 104V287C203 343 235 372 261 372C277 372 289 366 304 352C310 346 318 345 330 350C349 359 362 379 362 399C362 422 338 449 304 449C256 449 213 393 183 342H181Z" id="g121-112"></path><glyph.data ascent="989" descent="-360" horiz-adv-x="371" vert-adv-y="371"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,12.845,0)"><path d="M381 665C170 665 44 498 44 318C44 125 188 -15 369 -15C552 -15 703 117 703 333C703 534 550 665 381 665ZM359 629C491 629 601 517 601 306C601 114 502 21 390 21C249 21 146 158 146 346S248 629 359 629Z" id="g121-77"></path><glyph.data ascent="989" descent="-360" horiz-adv-x="747" vert-adv-y="747"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,22.64,3.132)"><path d="M414 144C384 79 371 75 317 75H135L276 221C367 316 408 376 408 465C408 570 327 635 237 635C179 635 131 609 100 575L42 494L67 471C94 510 138 565 205 565C277 565 321 517 321 435C321 348 258 270 195 195C146 137 88 81 33 26V0H411C423 44 433 88 446 135L414 144Z" id="g50-51"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="487" vert-adv-y="487"></glyph.data></g></svg> (<svg height="11.7782pt" id="M70" style="vertical-align:-3.42938pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.34882 44.5261 11.7782" width="44.5261pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M570 304C570 398 525 448 414 448C385 448 343 445 312 434L329 511L321 518C297 504 262 482 244 460L233 411C195 397 159 381 128 358L135 332C160 347 189 360 224 373L111 -147C97 -210 84 -218 17 -231L13 -257L254 -247L259 -218L233 -216C183 -212 177 -202 189 -142L218 -1C238 -10 266 -12 283 -12C351 3 429 48 483 105C543 168 570 242 570 304ZM482 289C482 161 380 33 304 33C278 33 248 51 233 69L303 396C326 400 352 403 369 403C428 403 482 380 482 289Z" id="g113-113"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="593" vert-adv-y="593"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.342,0)"><path d="M512 230V281L75 514V456L453 256V254L75 55V-3L512 230Z" id="g117-92"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="587" vert-adv-y="587"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.605,0)"><path d="M241 635C89 635 35 457 35 312C35 153 89 -12 240 -12C390 -12 443 166 443 312C443 466 390 635 241 635ZM238 602C329 602 354 454 354 312C354 172 330 22 240 22C152 22 124 173 124 313S148 602 238 602Z" id="g113-49"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="480" vert-adv-y="480"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,28.845,0)"><path d="M113 -12C146 -12 170 11 170 46C170 78 146 103 114 103S58 78 58 46C58 11 82 -12 113 -12Z" id="g113-47"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="228" vert-adv-y="228"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,31.809,0)"><path d="M241 635C89 635 35 457 35 312C35 153 89 -12 240 -12C390 -12 443 166 443 312C443 466 390 635 241 635ZM238 602C329 602 354 454 354 312C354 172 330 22 240 22C152 22 124 173 124 313S148 602 238 602Z" id="g113-49"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="480" vert-adv-y="480"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.049,0)"><path d="M153 550H386L412 615L406 623H120L82 318C104 327 142 338 184 338C294 338 347 275 347 187C347 112 305 39 221 39C160 39 119 71 97 89C88 97 80 96 71 90C59 80 50 67 49 57C48 45 52 36 66 23C80 9 123 -12 169 -12C221 -11 288 15 342 59C403 109 431 165 431 225C431 308 366 395 238 395C212 395 165 379 127 364L153 550Z" id="g113-54"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="480" vert-adv-y="480"></glyph.data></g></svg>).</div>

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Figure 3

Figure 3: Quantitative Analysis of Apatite Formation on Titanium and Zirconia in a Simulated Body Fluid Solution Using the Quartz Crystal Microbalance Method 

Figure 3 | Quantitative Analysis of Apatite Formation on Titanium and Zirconia in a Simulated Body Fluid Solution Using the Quartz Crystal Microbalance Method 