Damage Evolution of Steel-Polypropylene Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Concrete: Experimental and Numerical Investigation

<table class="table-group" id="tab5"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="13"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_center" colspan="3">Under compression</td><td class="align_center" colspan="3">Under tension</td><td class="align_center" colspan="2">Material constant</td><td class="align_center" colspan="5">Five additional parameters</td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_center"><i>a</i><sub>c</sub></td><td class="align_center"><i>b</i><sub>c</sub></td><td class="align_center"><i>f</i><sub>c</sub> (MPa)</td><td class="align_center"><i>a</i><sub>t</sub></td><td class="align_center"><i>b</i><sub>t</sub></td><td class="align_center"><i>f</i><sub>t</sub> (MPa)</td><td class="align_center"><i>E</i><sub>0</sub> (MPa)</td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 6.36301ptpx;"><svg height="6.1673pt" id="M141" style="vertical-align:-0.2063904pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -5.96091 6.36301 6.1673" width="6.36301pt" 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455ZM350 274C350 191 308 25 198 25C144 25 108 75 108 157C108 264 170 395 276 395C296 395 320 384 333 360C347 334 350 316 350 274Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,29.055,-5.741)"><path d="M513 0V26C455 31 447 37 447 103V278C447 398 390 449 309 449C255 449 202 412 166 376V712C127 700 67 684 19 677V653C85 647 87 643 87 580V103C87 37 79 31 19 26L18 0H231V26C171 32 166 39 166 103V341C194 373 232 392 270 392C337 392 368 351 368 269V103C368 38 360 32 302 26V0H513Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,33.914,-5.741)"><path d="M54 437L27 408L31 397H101V103C101 37 94 32 30 26V0H266V25C187 33 180 36 180 110V397H288C299 404 304 428 298 437H180V477C179 562 190 610 203 630C214 647 230 659 256 659C289 659 318 641 337 622C346 612 355 612 364 619C374 627 380 635 383 643C388 655 387 667 378 678C362 697 333 710 299 712C260 707 225 689 189 659C135 613 119 563 112 541S101 490 101 458V437H54Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,28.468,3.784)"><path d="M390 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450 212 609 64 710L45 686C145 604 203 442 203 270S147 -63 45 -147L64 -170C213 -68 275 89 275 270Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 5.50181ptpx;"><svg height="6.1673pt" id="M144" style="vertical-align:-0.2063904pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -5.96091 5.50181 6.1673" width="5.50181pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M391 364C391 409 353 448 295 448C249 448 198 426 152 393C65 331 23 225 23 139C23 14 96 -12 146 -12C198 -12 280 9 367 101L351 124C300 78 242 48 194 48C129 48 109 107 109 162V191C208 213 391 266 391 364ZM313 350C313 305 268 261 113 223C132 334 187 381 217 398C227 404 244 405 261 405C290 405 313 385 313 350Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.34167ptpx;"><svg height="9.39034pt" id="M145" style="vertical-align:-3.42943pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -5.96091 7.34167 9.39034" width="7.34167pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M538 96L524 119C492 88 454 63 446 63C439 63 434 70 440 101C463 223 491 341 518 448H508L433 422L401 276C355 192 240 56 188 56C163 56 154 89 163 133C184 233 207 338 235 443L230 448L152 424L58 17C40 -60 23 -143 23 -185C23 -241 42 -261 63 -261C92 -261 117 -241 125 -227L124 -221C109 -209 89 -165 89 -103C89 -55 96 -13 105 26H107C121 -3 134 -12 151 -12C172 -12 194 -5 221 16C279 61 330 124 384 194H386C381 159 377 141 368 105C343 3 363 -12 383 -12C416 -12 486 35 538 96Z"></path></g></svg></span></td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="13"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_center">1.64</td><td class="align_center">1.185</td><td class="align_center">42</td><td class="align_center">1.2</td><td class="align_center">1.185</td><td class="align_center">5.2</td><td class="align_center">3.2 × 10<sup>4</sup></td><td class="align_center">0.2</td><td class="align_center">1.987</td><td class="align_center">0.701</td><td class="align_center">15</td><td class="align_center">0.1</td><td class="align_center">0.0005</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="13"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Model parameters used in the model verification for SB15PA15.</div>

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

tab5

Table 5

Table 5: Damage Evolution of Steel-Polypropylene Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Concrete: Experimental and Numerical Investigation 