Displacement Investigation of KNN-Bitumen-Based Piezoceramics in Asphalt Concrete

Table 2

Properties of bitumen and asphalt samples with different ageing.

Index	Softening point (°C)	Penetration (dmm, 25°C)	Ductility (cm, 15°C)	Marshall stability (kN)
No-ageing	45.7	78	59.4	9.34
STOA	48.5	72	41.7	8.17
LTOA	51.4	63	33.8	6.45