Preparation and Characterization of Nano-Dy₂O₃-Doped PVA + Na₃C₆H₅O₇ Polymer Electrolyte Films for Battery Applications

Table 2

Ionic conductivity, activation energy, and transference numbers of PVA + sodium citrate + nano-Dy₂O₃ polymer electrolyte films at different compositions.

Number	Polymer electrolyte	Conductivity at 303 K (RT) (S/cm)	Activation energy (Ea)	Transference number
				tion	tele
1	Pure PVA	5.59 × 10^−10	0.42	—	—
2	PVA + Na3C6H5O7 + Dy2O3 (90 : 10 : 1%)	5.31 × 10^−5	0.36	0.94	0.06
3	PVA + Na3C6H5O7 + Dy2O3 (90 : 10 : 2%)	4.48 × 10^−5	0.28	0.97	0.03
4	PVA + Na3C6H5O7 + Dy2O3 (90 : 10 : 3%)	1.06 × 10^−4	0.19	0.98	0.02
5	PVA + Na3C6H5O7 + Dy2O3 (90 : 10 : 4%)	3.26 × 10^−6	0.26	0.93	0.07