Effect of Seepage Velocity on Formation of Shaft Frozen Wall in Loose Aquifer

Table 2

Physical parameters.

Composition	Density (kg·m^−3)	Heat conductivity, W·(m·K)^−1	Specific heat, J·(kg·K)^−1	Initial volume fractions (l)
Water	1000	0.55	4179	—
Ice	918	2.25	2052	—
Soil	1800	2.08	720	0.34