Formation of Surface Ultrafine Grain Structure and Their Physical and Mechanical Characteristics Using Vibration-Centrifugal Hardening

<div>Polarization curves of 40 Kh steel after normalization and the VCH (a working tool weight of 4.5 kg) for different treatment times: (1) after normalization; (2) 6; (3) 12; (4) 20; (5) 28; (6) 36 min.</div>

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Figure 9

Figure 9: Formation of Surface Ultrafine Grain Structure and Their Physical and Mechanical Characteristics Using Vibration-Centrifugal Hardening 