Feasibility Assessment of Incorporating Copper Slag as a Sand Substitute to Attain Sustainable Production Perspective in Concrete

Table 1

Chemical composition of copper slag using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF).

Chemical composition	Copper slag (weight percent)
SiO2 + Al2O3 + Fe2O3	90.09
SiO2	33.85
Al2O3	2.79
Fe2O3	53.45
CaO	6.06
MgO	1.61
SO3	1.89
Na2O	0.28
TiO2	0
Mn2O3	0.06
CI	0.01
Loss on ignition	0