Influences on Shotcrete Rebound from Walls with Random Roughness

Table 3

Range analysis results.

	Surface tension (mN/m)	Viscosity (mPa.s)	Roughness (Ra, µm)	Velocity (m/s)
K1	2.263	2.513	2.330	1.547
K2	2.317	2.283	2.267	2.150
K3	2.183	1.967	2.167	3.067
R	0.134	0.546	0.163	1.520
PSF	V > μ > Ra > σ

Note. PSF = primary and secondary factors; K is the sum of the test results corresponding to the horizontal number i on any column; R = max{K1, K2, K3} −min{K1, K2, K3}.